International Journal of Cancer, 62(4), 403-406
Consideration of existing data regarding clinical and biochemical risk factors for the development of breast cancer leads to the hypothesis that enhanced insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) activity plays a significant role in the development of this disease. Abnormal IGF-I activity may be related to events occurring prenatally, during puberty, or during adult life. Insulin resistance, a common feature in populations characterized by high caloric intake, may result in the amplification of IGF-I action at the tissue level by altering serum concentrations of IGF-I binding proteins. Several approaches toward testing the hypothesis are proposed, and potential opportunities for clinical application are described.
Kazer, R. R. (1995). Insulin resistance, insulin-like growth factor I and breast cancer: a hypothesis. *International journal of cancer*, *62*(4), 403-406. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.2910620408
Kazer RR. Insulin resistance, insulin-like growth factor I and breast cancer: a hypothesis. Int J Cancer. 1995;62(4):403-406. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910620408
Kazer, R. R. "Insulin resistance, insulin-like growth factor I and breast cancer: a hypothesis." *International journal of cancer*, vol. 62, no. 4, 1995, pp. 403-406.
Breast Neoplasms/etiology, Carrier Proteins/metabolism, Estrogens/blood, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism, Menarche, Obesity/complications, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/etiology/metabolism, Postmenopause/blood, Premenopause/blood, Research, Risk Factors, Carrier Proteins, Estrogens, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I,