Fertility and Sterility, 73(1), 85-89
To compare the effectiveness of clomiphene citrate used alone and in combination with ethinyl E2 for the induction of ovulation in patients undergoing IUI.
Randomized, double-blind study.
Four infertility treatment centers.
PATIENT(S): Women aged 25-35 years with infertility of at least 2 years' duration and oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea associated with a positive menstrual response to an IM progesterone challenge.
INTERVENTION(S): A total of 64 patients were randomized to treatment with CC (100 mg daily for 5 days) or CC (100 mg daily for 5 days) plus ethinyl E2 (0.05 mg daily for 5 days).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The uterine artery pulsatility index, number of preovulatory follicles, endometrial thickness, and pregnancy rate.
RESULT(S): Both treatment regimens increased FSH, LH, and 17beta-E2 levels, with no statistically significant differences. There was a statistically significant difference in endometrial thickness between the two treatment groups. No statistically significant differences were noted in pulsatility index values or in the number of preovulatory follicles.
CONCLUSION(S): Ethinyl E2 can reverse the deleterious effects of CC on endometrial thickness, which may contribute to higher pregnancy rates.
Gerli, S., Gholami, H., Manna, C., Di Frega, A. S., Vitiello, C., & Unfer, V. (2000). Use of ethinyl estradiol to reverse the antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination: a comparative, randomized study. *Fertility and sterility*, *73*(1), 85-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00447-1
Gerli S, Gholami H, Manna C, Di Frega AS, Vitiello C, Unfer V. Use of ethinyl estradiol to reverse the antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination: a comparative, randomized study. Fertil Steril. 2000;73(1):85-89. doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00447-1
Gerli, S., et al. "Use of ethinyl estradiol to reverse the antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination: a comparative, randomized study." *Fertility and sterility*, vol. 73, no. 1, 2000, pp. 85-89.
Adult, Clomiphene/administration & Dosage/therapeutic Use, Double-Blind Method, Endometrium/pathology, Estradiol/blood, Ethinyl Estradiol/administration & Dosage/therapeutic Use, Female, Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood, Humans, Infertility, Female/pathology/therapy, Insemination, Artificial, Homologous, Luteinizing Hormone/blood, Ovarian Follicle/pathology, Ovulation Induction, Pregnancy, Pulsatile Flow, Uterus/blood Supply, Clomiphene, Ethinyl Estradiol, Estradiol, Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone,