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Hormonal and reproductive risk factors for development of systemic lupus erythematosus: results of a population-based, case-control study

Cooper GS et al., 2002 Arthritis and Rheumatism

Objective: Estrogen and prolactin may accelerate the progression of murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In humans, 85% of lupus patients are women, which also suggests the importance of hormona...

Reproductive Endocrinology > Hormonal Factors > Autoimmune Disease RiskGeneral OB/GYN > Autoimmune Disease > Lupus and Reproductive HistoryPerimenopause/Menopause > Early Menopause > Autoimmune Disease Association

Self-selected women with polycystic ovary syndrome are reproductively and metabolically abnormal and undertreated

Legro RS et al., 2002 Fertility and Sterility

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether self-selected women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are abnormal compared with a control population. DESIGN: Case-control. SETTING: Support group meeting organi...

PCOS > Metabolic Dysfunction > Insulin ResistancePCOS > Diagnosis > Clinical CharacteristicsPCOS > Cardiovascular Risk > Lipid Abnormalities

Pulmonary endometriosis in a patient with unicornuate uterus and noncommunicating rudimentary horn

Matalliotakis IM et al., 2002 Fertility and Sterility

OBJECTIVE: To report a rare case of a patient with catamenial hemoptysis, secondary infertility, and endometriosis associated with a unicornuate uterus and noncommunicating rudimentary horn. DESIGN: ...

Endometriosis > Extragenital > Pulmonary EndometriosisGeneral OB/GYN > Müllerian Anomalies > Unicornuate UterusEndometriosis > Treatment > GnRH Agonist Therapy

Factors influencing the cumulative conception rate and discontinuation of in vitro fertilization treatment for infertility

Sharma V et al., 2002 Fertility and Sterility

OBJECTIVE: To examine the cumulative conception rate and live birth rate in women undergoing IVF and to assess the influence of prognostic factors on cumulative conception rate and discontinuation of ...

Infertility > Assisted Reproduction > IVF OutcomesInfertility > Assisted Reproduction > Prognostic FactorsResearch Methodology > Retrospective Analysis > Cumulative Rates

Menstrual cycle, beta-endorphins, and pain sensitivity in premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Straneva PA et al., 2002 Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association

This study examined pain sensitivity and pain modularity mechanisms (e.g., beta-endorphin levels, blood pressure) in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD; n = 27) and healthy controls (n =...

Menstrual Cycle > Premenstrual Disorders > PMDD PathophysiologyMenstrual Cycle > Neuroendocrinology > Endogenous OpioidsReproductive Endocrinology > Hormonal Modulation > Pain Sensitivity

Cognitive therapy of depression: pretreatment patient predictors of outcome

Beck AT et al., 2002 Clinical psychology review

This review examines the role of patient predictors of outcome in cognitive therapy of depression. Studies that meet eligibility criteria are reviewed for demonstrated linkage between various predicto...

Ethics/Philosophy > Mental Health > Depression TreatmentResearch Methodology > Systematic Review > Predictor Analysis

Effect of endometriosis on in vitro fertilization

Barnhart K et al., 2002 Fertility and Sterility

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the IVF outcome for patients with endometriosis. DESIGN: Meta-analysis. SETTING: Academic research center. PATIENT(S): A MEDLINE search and review of the literature were p...

Endometriosis > Fertility Impact > IVF OutcomesInfertility > Assisted Reproduction > Endometriosis and IVFResearch Methodology > Meta-Analysis > Reproductive Outcomes

Efficacy of a new method of family planning: the Standard Days Method

Arévalo M et al., 2002 Contraception

The Standard Days Method is a fertility awareness-based method of family planning in which users avoid unprotected intercourse during cycle Days 8 through 19. A prospective multi-center efficacy trial...

Fertility Awareness > Methods > Standard Days MethodFertility Awareness > Efficacy > Prospective TrialsContraception/Comparison > Fertility Awareness Methods > Pregnancy Rates

N-acetyl-cysteine treatment improves insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Fulghesu AM et al., 2002 Fertility and Sterility

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) on insulin secretion and peripheral insulin resistance in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Prospective data analysi...

PCOS > Treatment > Insulin SensitizersPCOS > Metabolic Dysfunction > Insulin ResistanceReproductive Endocrinology > Hyperandrogenism > Novel Therapies

Severity of premenstrual symptoms in a health maintenance organization population

Sternfeld B et al., 2002 Obstetrics and Gynecology

OBJECTIVE: To describe severity of emotional and physical symptoms in a large diverse sample; to examine demographic, health status, and behavioral correlates of symptom severity; and to describe use ...

Menstrual Cycle > Premenstrual Disorders > Symptom SeverityMenstrual Cycle > Premenstrual Disorders > EpidemiologyGeneral OB/GYN > Women's Health > Population-Based Studies

What to do about the polycystic ovary 'epidemic'

Thacher SS, 2002 Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology

University department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jessop Wing, Sheffield Correspondence to Professor William Ledger, Head of Reproductive Medicine,

PCOS > Diagnosis > Diagnostic CriteriaPCOS > Epidemiology > Prevalence Trends

Diagnosing postpartum depression: can we do better?

Fergerson SS et al., 2002 American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale versus routine clinical evaluation to detect postpartum depression among a low-income inne...

Postpartum > Mental Health > Postpartum Depression ScreeningPregnancy > Postpartum Care > Depression DiagnosisDiagnostics > Screening Tools > Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale

Androgen and lipid profiles in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome who were treated with two forms of combined oral contraceptives

Mastorakos G et al., 2002 Fertility and Sterility

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of cyproterone acetate and desogestrel, as part of combined oral contraceptives, on lipid metabolism and hirsutism of adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS...

PCOS > Treatment > Oral ContraceptivesPCOS > Adolescent PCOS > Hormonal TreatmentContraception/Comparison > Hormonal Contraception > Metabolic Effects

Triplet births in the United States. An epidemic of high-risk pregnancies

Keith LG et al., 2002 The Journal of Reproductive Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To more precisely understand the changes in triplet births in recent years. STUDY DESIGN: Analysis of recent government and medical publications pertaining to triplets. RESULTS: Triplet b...

Pregnancy > Multiple Gestation > Triplet PregnanciesPregnancy > Outcomes > Preterm Birth and Infant MortalityInfertility > Assisted Reproduction > Multiple Birth Complications

Measurement properties of the calendar of premenstrual experience in patients with premenstrual syndrome

Feuerstein M et al., 2002 The Journal of Reproductive Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and factor structure of the Calendar of Premenstrual Experiences (COPE) in premenstrual syndrome (PMS) patients. STUDY DESIGN: Healthy women diagnosed with PMS (N...

Menstrual Cycle > Premenstrual Syndrome > Symptom MeasurementDiagnostics > Symptom Tracking > Premenstrual DiariesResearch Methodology > Psychometrics > Instrument Validation

The treatment of postpartum depression: minimizing infant exposures

Newport DJ et al., 2002 The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

The first 3 postpartum months represent a high-risk period for psychiatric illnesses. This article reviews the prevalence and diagnostic criteria for postpartum illnesses, including the "maternal blue...

Postpartum > Mental Health > Postpartum Depression TreatmentPregnancy > Postpartum Care > Pharmacotherapy During Lactation

Is there regional variation in the SF-36 scores of Canadian adults?

WM Hopman et al., 2002 Can J Public Health

Background: Canadian normative data for the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short form (SF-36) have recently been published. However, there is evidence from other countries to suggest that regional var...

General OB/GYNResearch Methodology

Combined treatment by pentoxifylline and tocopherol for recipient women with a thin endometrium enrolled in an oocyte donation programme

Lédée-Bataille N et al., 2002 Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effect of an antifibrotic treatment by a combination of pentoxifylline (PTX) and tocopherol (vitamin E) in patients with a thin endometrium who were enrolled in an oocyte d...

Infertility > Endometrial Factors > Thin Endometrium TreatmentInfertility > Assisted Reproduction > Oocyte DonationReproductive Endocrinology > Endometrium > Antifibrotic Therapy

Routine clinical examination is not sufficient for diagnosing and locating deeply infiltrating endometriosis

Chapron C et al., 2002 The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether routine clinical examination is sufficient for the diagnosis and establishing the location of deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). DESIGN: Retrospective anal...

Endometriosis > Diagnosis > Clinical Examination LimitationsEndometriosis > Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis > Anatomic ClassificationDiagnostics > Physical Examination > Pelvic Exam Accuracy

Estrogen production and metabolism in endometriosis

Bulun SE et al., 2002 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Aromatase activity is absent in normal endometrium. In contrast, aromatase is expressed aberrantly in endometriosis, which gives rise to strikingly high levels of aromatase activity in this tissue. Bo...

Endometriosis > Pathophysiology > Estrogen Production and MetabolismReproductive Endocrinology > Steroidogenesis > Aromatase ActivityEndometriosis > Treatment > Aromatase Inhibitors

Aromatase inhibition improves ovarian response to follicle-stimulating hormone in poor responders

Mitwally MF et al., 2002 Fertility and Sterility

OBJECTIVE: To examine the use of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole with FSH for ovarian stimulation in poor responders undergoing ovarian superovulation and IUI. DESIGN: Observational cohort study as...

Infertility > Ovarian Stimulation > Aromatase InhibitorsInfertility > Poor Ovarian Response > Adjunct TherapiesReproductive Endocrinology > Ovulation Induction > Letrozole

Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism: a five-year national case-control study

Lidegaard Ø et al., 2002 Contraception

The objective of this study was to assess the influence of oral contraceptives (OCs) on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in young women. A 5-year case-control study including all Danish hospit...

Contraception/Comparison > Adverse Effects > Venous ThromboembolismContraception/Comparison > Oral Contraceptives > Progestin Generation ComparisonResearch Methodology > Study Design > Case-Control Study

Randomised trial of thyroxine to prevent postnatal depression in thyroid-antibody-positive women

Harris B et al., 2002 The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science

BACKGROUND: Women who are positive for thyroid antibodies in early gestation are prone to post-partum depression, apparently independent of thyroid dysfunction, as measured by serum levels of free thy...

Postpartum > Mental Health > Postpartum DepressionPregnancy > Thyroid Disorders > Thyroid Antibody PositivityResearch Methodology > Study Design > Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of oral contraceptives on risk of cervical cancer in women with human papillomavirus infection: the IARC multicentric case-control study

Moreno V et al., 2002 Lancet

Background: Use of oral contraceptives could increase risk of cervical cancer; however the effect of human papillomavirus (HPV), the main cause of cervical cancer, is not usually taken into account. W...

Contraception/Comparison > Adverse Effects > Cervical Cancer RiskGeneral OB/GYN > Cervical Pathology > HPV and Cervical CancerResearch Methodology > Study Design > Case-Control Study

Acceptability of personal hormone monitoring for contraception: longitudinal and contextual variables

Severy LJ et al., 2002 The Journal of Social Psychology

A new contraceptive technology may advance the science of family planning but may do little to affect health if potential users do not deem it an acceptable method. The authors conducted an acceptabil...

Fertility Awareness > Methods > Hormone MonitoringFertility Awareness > Acceptability > User Experience and ComplianceResearch Methodology > Study Design > Longitudinal Survey

How does early ultrasound scan estimation of gestational age lead to higher rates of preterm birth?

Yang H et al., 2002 American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

OBJECTIVE: Early ultrasound scanning estimation of gestational age is known to increase the reported preterm delivery rate (<37 completed weeks) compared with estimation by date of the last normal men...

Pregnancy > Gestational Age Assessment > Ultrasound vs LMP DatingPregnancy > Preterm Birth > Classification and PrevalenceMenstrual Cycle > Ovulation > Variability in Ovulation Timing

Effect of soy phytoestrogens on hot flashes in postmenopausal women with breast cancer: a randomized, controlled clinical trial

Van Patten CL et al., 2002 Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

Purpose: Vasomotor symptoms, such as hot flashes and night sweats, in breast cancer survivors are often worsened by chemotherapy and tamoxifen, and/or the discontinuation of hormone replacement therap...

Perimenopause/Menopause > Vasomotor Symptoms > Non-Hormonal TreatmentsPerimenopause/Menopause > Vasomotor Symptoms > Phytoestrogen TherapyResearch Methodology > Study Design > Randomized Controlled Trial

Postfertilization effect of hormonal emergency contraception

Kahlenborn C et al., 2002 The Annals of Pharmacotherapy

OBJECTIVE: To assess the possibility of a postfertilization effect in regard to the most common types of hormonal emergency contraception (EC) used in the US and to explore the ethical impact of this ...

Contraception/Comparison > Emergency Contraception > Mechanism of ActionEthics/Philosophy > Informed Consent > Emergency ContraceptionContraception/Comparison > Emergency Contraception > Postfertilization Effects

Stimulation and growth of antral ovarian follicles by selective LH activity administration in women

Filicori M et al., 2002 The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Intensive FSH stimulation is a key tool of assisted reproduction technology but can cause severe complications through the development of an excessive number of small ovarian follicles. We tested the ...

Infertility > Ovulation Induction > LH Activity ProtocolsReproductive Endocrinology > Folliculogenesis > FSH and LH InteractionsInfertility > Assisted Reproduction > Ovarian Stimulation Safety

The risk of major birth defects after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and in vitro fertilization

Hansen M et al., 2002 The New England Journal of Medicine

BACKGROUND: It is not known whether infants conceived with use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection or in vitro fertilization have a higher risk of birth defects than infants conceived naturally. METH...

Infertility > Assisted Reproduction > Birth Defect RiskPregnancy > Neonatal Outcomes > Congenital MalformationsContraception/Comparison > ART Outcomes > Safety Concerns

Low and very low birth weight in infants conceived with use of assisted reproductive technology

Schieve LA et al., 2002 The New England Journal of Medicine

BACKGROUND: The increased risk of low birth weight associated with the use of assisted reproductive technology has been attributed largely to the higher rate of multiple gestations associated with suc...

Contraception/Comparison > ART Outcomes > Low Birth WeightPregnancy > Neonatal Outcomes > Birth WeightInfertility > Assisted Reproduction > Singleton Outcomes

Metformin therapy throughout pregnancy reduces the development of gestational diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Glueck CJ et al., 2002 Fertility and Sterility

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether metformin safely reduced development of gestational diabetes in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Prospective and retrospective study. SETTING: Ou...

PCOS > Treatment > Metformin in PregnancyPregnancy > Complications > Gestational Diabetes PreventionReproductive Endocrinology > Insulin Resistance > PCOS Management

Neonatal data on a cohort of 2889 infants born after ICSI (1991-1999) and of 2995 infants born after IVF (1983-1999)

Bonduelle M et al., 2002 Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the safety of ICSI, this study compared data of IVF and ICSI children by collecting data on neonatal outcome and congenital malformations during pregnancy and at birth. METHOD...

Pregnancy > Neonatal Outcomes > ICSI vs IVF ComparisonInfertility > Assisted Reproduction > ICSI SafetyPregnancy > Complications > Congenital Malformations

Preeclampsia in multiple gestation: the role of assisted reproductive technologies

Lynch A et al., 2002 Obstetrics and Gynecology

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relationship of assisted reproductive technologies and ovulation-inducing drugs with preeclampsia in multiple gestations. METHODS: This historical cohort study was conducte...

Pregnancy > Complications > PreeclampsiaInfertility > Assisted Reproduction > Multiple Gestation RisksContraception/Comparison > ART Outcomes > Maternal Complications

Neurological sequelae in children born after in-vitro fertilisation: a population-based study

Strömberg B et al., 2002 Lancet (London, England)

BACKGROUND: There is an absence of population-based long-term studies on the risk of neurological sequelae in children born after in-vitro fertilisation (IVF). Our aim was to compare the frequency of ...

Infertility > Assisted Reproduction > Long-term Child OutcomesPregnancy > Neonatal Outcomes > Neurological SequelaeContraception/Comparison > ART Outcomes > Child Development

Infertility, fertility drugs, and ovarian cancer: a pooled analysis of case-control studies

Ness RB et al., 2002 American Journal of Epidemiology

Controversy surrounds the relations among infertility, fertility drug use, and the risk of ovarian cancer. The authors pooled interview data on infertility and fertility drug use from eight case-contr...

Infertility > Complications > Ovarian Cancer RiskGeneral OB/GYN > Oncology > Ovarian Cancer EpidemiologyInfertility > Fertility Drugs > Long-term Safety

Ovarian functional disorders

Robert Y et al., 2000 Journal de radiologie

Ovarian hormonal function is under hypothalamo-hypophysis control during the genital life of women. Local hormonal production induces follicular stimulation and maturation. Two main types of functiona...

PCOS > Diagnostics > Ultrasound CriteriaDiagnostics > Imaging > Ovarian Functional DisordersReproductive Endocrinology > Ovarian Function > Anovulation Classification

Diaphragmatic endometriosis: diagnosis, surgical management, and long-term results of treatment

Redwine DB, 2002 Fertility and Sterility

OBJECTIVE: To describe symptoms, surgical diagnosis and treatment, and long-term outcome of patients with symptomatic diaphragmatic endometriosis. DESIGN: Observational follow-up study. SETTING: Ame...

Endometriosis > Surgical Management > Diaphragmatic ExcisionEndometriosis > Diagnosis > Laparoscopic VisualizationEndometriosis > Outcomes > Long-term Symptom Relief

Obstetric, somatic, and demographic risk factors for postpartum depressive symptoms

Josefsson A et al., 2002 Obstetrics and Gynecology

OBJECTIVE: To identify and test the predictive power of potential independent risk factors of postpartum depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the perinatal period. METHODS: We conducted a case-co...

Postpartum > Mental Health > Postpartum Depression Risk FactorsPregnancy > Complications > Predictors of Adverse OutcomesResearch Methodology > Study Design > Case-Control Studies

Implantation and the survival of early pregnancy

Norwitz ER et al., 2002 The New England Journal of Medicine

The implantation of fertilized ova and the formation of the placenta are crucial steps in reproduction. This review summarizes current information about these steps, including some of the molecular me...

Pregnancy > Early Pregnancy > Implantation MechanismsReproductive Endocrinology > Placentation > Molecular PathwaysPregnancy > Complications > Early Pregnancy Loss

Factors influencing women's satisfaction with birth control methods

den Tonkelaar D et al., 2002 The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official Journal of the European Society of Contraception

Objectives: To study the extent to which variation in satisfaction with a birth control method is explained by variation in perceived physical and psychological effects. Methods: A population survey ...

Contraception/Comparison > User Satisfaction > Factors Influencing ComplianceFertility Awareness > User Experience > Natural Family Planning SatisfactionContraception/Comparison > Counseling > Method-Specific Concerns

Amniotic fluid infection, cytokines, and adverse outcome among infants at 34 weeks' gestation or less

Hitti J et al., 2002 Obstetrics and Gynecology

OBJECTIVE: We examined the hypothesis that amniotic fluid (AF) infection and elevated cytokine concentrations may cause neonatal injury beyond that expected solely from prematurity. METHODS: The effe...

Pregnancy > Preterm Labor > Amniotic Fluid InfectionPregnancy > Complications > Neonatal Adverse OutcomesDiagnostics > Biomarkers > Amniotic Fluid Cytokines

The ageing female reproductive axis II: ovulatory changes with perimenopause

Prior JC, 2002 Novartis Foundation symposium

Perimenopause, a complex physiological transition for midlife women, begins with changes in experiences many years before cycles become irregular, oestradiol levels decrease or follicle-stimulating ho...

Perimenopause/Menopause > Ovulatory Changes > Luteal Phase DefectsReproductive Endocrinology > Hormonal Changes > Estradiol and Progesterone in PerimenopauseMenstrual Cycle > Ovulation > Disturbances in Perimenopause

A new monophasic oral contraceptive containing drospirenone. Effect on premenstrual symptoms

Brown C et al., 2002 The Journal of reproductive medicine

Objective: To determine whether a new monophasic oral contraceptive containing drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol reduces premenstrual symptoms. Study Design: In an open-label study measuring intrasubjec...

Contraception/Comparison > Oral Contraceptives > Drospirenone EffectsMenstrual Cycle > Premenstrual Symptoms > Hormonal TreatmentContraception/Comparison > Side Effects > Premenstrual Symptom Modification

Surgical Techniques of Open Myomectomy

Freeman ML et al., 2002 Operative Techniques in Gynecologic Surgery
Surgery > Myomectomy > Open Surgical TechniquesGeneral OB/GYN > Uterine Fibroids > Surgical ManagementInfertility > Surgical Treatment > Myomectomy

The epidemiology of endometriosis

Cramer DW et al., 2002 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Endometriosis > Epidemiology > Prevalence and Risk FactorsEndometriosis > Diagnosis > Disease BurdenResearch Methodology > Epidemiology > Disease Prevalence Studies