Hormone Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle: The Evolution of Concepts

Periodic vaginal bleeding occurs in humans (who are henceforth called “women,” a word describing culture as well as biology), old-world apes, and few other mammals. By current concepts, women’s menstr...

This review is to challenge current concepts of women’s reproduction with its cultural over-emphasis on estrogen and positive actions, while progesterone tends to be ignored or associated with negativ...