Prenatal progesterone and educational attainments

Incidence of the premenstrual syndrome in twins

Dalton K, 1987 · Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) · Free full text on PubMed Central

The Premenstrual Syndrome and Progesterone Therapy

Dalton K, 1984 · Ann Intern Med

The effect of progesterone and progestogens on the foetus

Dalton K, 1981 · Neuropharmacology

Controlled trials in the prophylactic value of progesterone in the treatment of pre-eclamptic toxaemia

Dalton K, 1962 · J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp

Prenatal progesterone. I. Its effect on development and on intellectual and academic achievement

Lynch A et al., 1978 · Early Hum Dev

The development of two groups of children whose mothers had been given progesterone supplements during pregnancy to relieve symptoms of toxaemia was assessed, one group at 2 yr of age and the other at 16 yr of age. There was no evidence that progesterone supplements accelerated development in the 2-yr-old age group or enhanced intellectual and academic attainment in the 16-yr-old age group. In addition, the evidence regarding the reported beneficial effects on intellectual attainment of in utero exposure to excess sex steroids is discussed.

Intelligence and prenatal progesterone

Meyer-Bahlburg HF, 1979 · J R Soc Med · Free full text on PubMed Central

Fetal malformations following progesterone therapy during pregnancy: a preliminary report

Rock JA et al., 1985 · Fertil Steril

This report presents the outcome of pregnancies of 93 women who conceived while taking progesterone (P) suppositories (n = 42) or P in oil intramuscularly (n = 51). The dosage and duration of treatment varied according to the indication. The total dose (in milligrams) increased with the duration of treatment and ranged from 75 to 13,500 mg. Two of 75 term pregnancies (2.6%) were noted to have congenital anomalies. Both women had been treated with P in oil. No patient treated with P suppositories gave birth to a malformed infant. An increased spontaneous abortion rate (28.6%) was noted among women treated with P suppositories. The authors recommend that a national registry be created to document fetal outcome after P therapy.

Congenital malformations among offspring exposed in utero to progestins, Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1936-1974

Resseguie LJ et al., 1985 · Fertil Steril

Comparison of a cohort of 988 offspring exposed in utero to exogenous progestins with a matched cohort of unexposed offspring did not result in detection of an association of congenital anomalies with exposure. The conclusions are based primarily on outcomes of pregnancy with exposure to progesterone and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, and may not apply to androgenic progestins. Offspring exposed to combinations of progestins and estrogens were excluded from this study and may have a different distribution of anomalies.