Nature reviews. Urology, 22(10), 687-702, 2025
Abstract
Declining fertility, overlooked mental health, and reduced life expectancy underscore the urgent need for renewed attention to men's health. A semen analysis, traditionally used to assess fertility, holds untapped potential as a tool for promoting lifestyle changes and preventing chronic diseases in men. Spermatogenesis is highly sensitive to environmental and lifestyle factors and can be an early indicator of overall health. Disruptions in this process can signal underlying systemic issues and predict long-term health risks, including cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. An increasing number of men seek to engage in preconception care, as fertility is closely tied to a man's sense of masculinity, identity and aspirations for fatherhood. In this context, a semen analysis can be a powerful motivator to encourage healthy behaviours and proactive health management. By incorporating semen analysis into primary care, health care providers can leverage men's desire for fatherhood as an entry point to discuss broader health concerns, such as mental well-being, nutrition and physical activity. This approach would address immediate reproductive health, and also promote long-term wellness, helping to reduce the burden of chronic disease in men.