The number of births, the crude birth rate (14.5 in 2001), and the fertility rate (67.2 in 2001) all declined slightly (by 1% or less) from 2000 to 2001. Fertility rates were highest for Hispanic wome...
Pregnancy > Epidemiology > National Birth StatisticsGeneral OB/GYN > Public Health > Maternal Child Health OutcomesPregnancy > Complications > Preterm Birth Epidemiology
Tavaniotou A et al., 2001Human reproduction (Oxford, England)
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is mandatory for the maintenance of the corpus luteum. Ovarian stimulation for IVF has been associated with a defective luteal phase. The luteal phases of two groups of patien...
Rosano GM et al., 2000Journal of the American College of Cardiology
OBJECTIVES: We sought to compare the effects of estrogen/transvaginal progesterone gel with estrogen/medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in postmenopausal women w...
McLean JA et al., 2000The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Background: Cognitive dietary restraint, assessed by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire restraint subscale, is associated with subclinical menstrual cycle disturbances. This association may be medi...
Menstrual Cycle > Ovulatory Disturbances > Stress and Dietary RestraintBone Health > Risk Factors > Cortisol and Calcium ExcretionReproductive Endocrinology > Hypothalamic Function > Energy Balance and Stress
OBJECTIVE: To review the menstrual function and fertility in thyroid disease, mainly in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Also to register the consequences of (131)I therapy, which is used widely in...
Obata K et al., 2000Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation
We analyzed 81 ovarian cancers for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 10q23 and for mutations in PTEN. LOH was common among the endometrioid (43%) and serous (28%) cancers, but was infrequent among the o...
Endometriosis > Malignant Transformation > Genetic MechanismsEndometriosis > Pathophysiology > Loss of Heterozygosity and PTENGeneral OB/GYN > Gynecologic Oncology > Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer
Thomas EJ et al., 2000Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation
It is well known that certain aspects of endometriosis are similar to those of malignant disease. For example, like cancer, endometriosis can be both locally and distantly metastatic; it attaches to o...
Yoshikawa H et al., 2000Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation
Endometriosis may be the precursor of clear cell or endometrioid ovarian cancer. In this review, we focus on the prevalence of endometriosis in ovarian cancer and related clinical and epidemiological ...
Endometriosis > Malignant Transformation > Ovarian Cancer PrevalenceEndometriosis > Epidemiology > Geographic and Histologic VariationGeneral OB/GYN > Gynecologic Oncology > Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer
Nishida M et al., 2000Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation
One hundred forty-seven cases of ovarian endometriosis, encountered from 1976 to 1999 at Tsukuba University Hospital, were studied to clarify the incidence of malignant transformation. There were 18 c...
Endometriosis > Malignant Transformation > Incidence and RiskEndometriosis > Pathophysiology > Atypical Endometriosis ProgressionGeneral OB/GYN > Gynecologic Oncology > Ovarian Cancer from Endometriosis
Objectives: To provide specific estimates of the likely occurrence of the six fertile days (the "fertile window") during the menstrual cycle.
Design: Prospective cohort study.
Participants: 221 healt...
BACKGROUND: Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are increasingly being used as first-line therapy for severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS). We undertook a meta-analysis on the efficacy of SS...
American Society for Reproductive Medicine, 1998Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
Purpose: A large part of infertility treatment involves the use of exogenous gonadotropins. The last decade has seen a progressive switch from human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), the original gonadot...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate serial measurements of salivary estriol (E3) to detect increased risk of spontaneous preterm labor and preterm birth.
METHODS: A masked, prospective, multicenter trial of 956 w...
Recent diagnostic and pharmacologic developments have focused renewed attention on polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinical features of the syndrome include anovulation, hyperandrogenism and menstrual dysf...
Background: Experimental and clinical data suggest a protective effect of estrogens on the development and progression of MS.
Methods: We assessed whether MS incidence was associated with oral contra...
Contraception/Comparison > Side Effects > Neurological Disease RiskContraception/Comparison > Oral Contraceptives > Multiple Sclerosis AssociationResearch Methodology > Prospective Cohort > Large Population Studies
Sveinsdóttir H et al., 2000Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of significant symptom change (symptom cyclicity) prospectively rated over multiple menstrual cycles has not been established in a non-clinical population.
METHODS: Seventy...
Gray RH et al., 2000American Journal of Public Health
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between subfertility and spontaneous abortion.
METHODS: A total of 1572 women in New York and Vermont reported 3269 pregnancies bet...
The Canadian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study is a large population-based prospective study of osteoporosis in the Canadian population. The study involves 9424 subjects, both male and female, from nine ...
Bone Health > Osteoporosis > Vertebral Fracture PrevalenceBone Health > Diagnostics > Spinal MorphometryResearch Methodology > Prospective Cohort > Population-Based Studies
Burkhart MC et al., 2000International family planning perspectives
Mayan couples in Guatemala have very low rates of contraceptive use but have long expressed an interest in natural family planning methods. A simple calendar rhythm method of family planning was teste...
Fertility Awareness > Calendar Methods > Standard Days MethodFertility Awareness > Effectiveness > Prospective StudiesFertility Awareness > Acceptability > Developing Country Populations
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the degree of cervical lengthening after cerclage and whether serial follow-up measurements of cervical length after cerclage are predictive of pregnancy outcome.
METH...
Herrington DM et al., 2000The New England Journal of Medicine
BACKGROUND: Heart disease is a major cause of illness and death in women. To understand better the role of estrogen in the treatment and prevention of heart disease, more information is needed about i...
Kelly GS, 2000Alternative Medicine Review : a Journal of Clinical Therapeutic
Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones is a critical component of the impact these hormones have on intracellular function. Thyroid hormones can be metabolized in peripheral tissue by deiodination,...
WM Hopman et al., 2000CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De l'Association Medicale Canadienne
Background: The Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form (SF-36) is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life. Normative data are the key to determining whether a group or an individual...
Research Methodology > Outcome Measures > Health-Related Quality of LifeBone Health > Osteoporosis > Population-Based Screening Studies
Mendonça LL et al., 2000Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
OBJECTIVE: To highlight the possible association between infertility and treatment with long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs). NSAIDs act mainly through the inhibition of cyclooxygen...
Dougherty LS et al., 2000Diseases of the Colon and Rectum
INTRODUCTION: Perineal endometriosis with anal sphincter involvement is an infrequent occurrence. Wide excision is the best chance of cure of perineal endometriosis but may cause incontinence when the...
Janssen CJ et al., 2000The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official Journal of the European Society of Contraception
Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the profile of the Dutch Persona user and her opinion about this relatively new way of natural birth control. The results of the stud...
CONTEXT: The World Health Organization defines preterm birth as birth at less than 37 completed gestational weeks, but most studies have focused on very preterm infants (birth at <32 weeks) because of...
Keith LG et al., 2000International Journal of Fertility and Women's Medicine
Multiple births (of all orders) increased in epidemic proportions in the years 1971-1997. Twins increased 53%, 32%, 31%, and 83% in white, Afro-American, Native American and Mexican American women, re...
Contemporary practice in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) compensates for the attrition that occurs at each phase of the cycle. Every follicle does not yield an egg, nor does every egg fertili...
Contraception/Comparison > ART > Embryo DispositionEthics/Philosophy > Reproductive Ethics > Status of EmbryosInfertility > ART > Embryo Transfer Practices
In an otherwise excellent editorial that appeared in this journal concerning the problems created by failure of the Health Insurance Industry to provide coverage for infertility, the author, a noted a...
Infertility > Diagnosis > Underlying Disease IdentificationEthics/Philosophy > Medical Philosophy > Infertility as SymptomRRM Methods > Principles > Root Cause Diagnosis of Infertility
Corson SL et al., 2000The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of reproductive pathology in a group of infertile women thought to be at low risk for altered pelvic anatomy.
DESIGN: Retrospective chart review and follo...
CDC, 2000MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
In the United States, pregnancies associated with assisted reproductive technology (ART) or ovulation-inducing drugs are more likely to result in multiple births than spontaneously conceived pregnanci...
The mechanism by which GnRH increases sperm-zona pellucida binding in humans was investigated in this study. We tested whether GnRH increases sperm-zona binding in Ca(2+)-free medium and in the presen...
Georgiopoulos AM et al., 2000Obstetrics and Gynecology
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the community prevalence in Olmsted County, Minnesota of elevated scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, a self-report screening tool for postpartum depression.
ME...
In a national case-control study of fatal pulmonary embolism in New Zealand women of childbearing age, we estimated that current users of combined oral contraceptives had a relative risk of 9.6 (95% C...
Fitzpatrick LA et al., 2000Journal of Women's Health & Gender-based Medicine
A cross-sectional survey was conducted to examine quality of life (QOL) related to physiological, somatic, and vasomotor effects of changing progestogen treatment from medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA...
Perimenopause/Menopause > Hormone Replacement Therapy > Progestogen ComparisonPerimenopause/Menopause > Symptoms > Quality of Life AssessmentReproductive Endocrinology > Progesterone > Micronized vs Synthetic
Tommaselli GA et al., 2000Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology
Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in natural family planning methods. The biological basis for the application of natural family planning methods is the recognition of ovulation and, more exte...
Fertility Awareness > Method Effectiveness > User ComplianceFertility Awareness > Natural Family Planning > Discontinuation RatesResearch Methodology > Literature Review > NFP Effectiveness
Hazekamp J et al., 2000Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)
To maximize pregnancy rates, physicians who perform IVF, often transfer multiple embryos, which increases the multiple birth risk. Multiple birth infants are at significant risk for a number of advers...
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of adverse outcomes in women whose first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) was unreliable.
METHODS: Among 20,244 singleton pregnancies with measurements of bipari...
Pregnancy > Gestational Dating > Last Menstrual Period ReliabilityPregnancy > Adverse Outcomes > Stillbirth and Preterm BirthMenstrual Cycle > Cycle Regularity > Pregnancy Dating Implications
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that human myometrium contains receptors for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and that hCG can inhibit myometrial contractions in vitro.
Objective: To...
Bloch M et al., 2000The American Journal of Psychiatry
OBJECTIVE: Endocrine factors are purported to play a role in the etiology of postpartum depression, but direct evidence for this role is lacking. The authors investigated the possible role of changes ...
El-Bastawissi AY et al., 2000Obstetrics and Gynecology
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential role of amniotic fluid (AF) interleukin (IL)-6 as a predictor of preterm delivery and to consider possible explanations for the proportion of women with elevated A...
PURPOSE: To quantify the contribution of in vitro fertilization (IVF) on changes in the rates of low birth weight (LBW), preterm delivery, very low birth weight, and multiple births during the past 3 ...
Effective use of natural family planning is strongly dependent upon adequate instruction. The Creighton Model Fertility Care System (CrMS) has a standardized protocol for instruction of new users that...
NaProTECHNOLOGY > Creighton Model System > User Education and ComplianceFertility Awareness > Method Instruction > Follow-up and RetentionBody Literacy > Fertility Charting > User Demographics
Wiseman D et al., 2000The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Background: Pelvic adhesions can be the result of inflamation, endometriosis or surgical trauma. Prevention of postoperative adhesions (either new or reoccurance) has been postulated by using barriers...