One hundred thirty-seven premenopausal women with premenstrual tension underwent laparoscopy for bleeding, pain and/or infertility. Endometriosis was the associated gynecologic disease observed most frequently (66 patients). Other associated disorders were primary dysmenorrhea (31), poststerilization syndrome (24), chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (8) and leiomyoma uteri (8). Screening for prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone in patients with galactorrhea (74) revealed one patient with pituitary microadenoma and two with primary hypothyroidism. The midluteal progesterone levels were significantly decreased, whereas the midluteal estradiol 17 beta levels were significantly elevated. Because of the frequent association of premenstrual tension with other gynecologic diseases, screening for premenstrual tension in all premenopausal women is recommended.
Hargrove, J. T., & Abraham, G. E. (1983). The ubiquitousness of premenstrual tension in gynecologic practice. The Journal of reproductive medicine, 28(7), 435-437.
Hargrove JT, Abraham GE. The ubiquitousness of premenstrual tension in gynecologic practice. J Reprod Med. 1983;28(7):435-437.
Hargrove, J. T., and G. E. Abraham. "The ubiquitousness of premenstrual tension in gynecologic practice." The Journal of reproductive medicine, vol. 28, no. 7, 1983, pp. 435-437.
Hilgers TW, 2004·The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY
Pelvic adhesions from prior infection, surgery, or endometriosis restrict tubal motility, occlude the fimbriae, and distort ovarian-tubal relationships, constituting a primary mechanical barrier to natural conception. Microsurgical adhesiolysis performed under NaProTECHNOLOGY protocols achieves tubal patency and restores anatomical relationships, enabling natural pregnancy in a substantial proportion of cases that would otherwise be directed to IVF.
To determine patterns of usage of clomiphene citrate (CC) by primary care providers (obstetrician-gynecologists, family physicians, and other providers) within University of Utah Community Clinics. We performed a retrospective chart review (n = 79) and followup telephone survey of patients (n = 43) who were prescribed CC in the University of Utah Community Clinics in 2006. Most women who were prescribed CC had appropriate indications for therapy (65% with a diagnosis related to irregular menses and 33% with a diagnosis of female infertility), but there was variable and inconsistent monitoring of ovulation (much of which was apparently initiated by the patients). In the interview, 24 of the women (56%) said they would be fine having twins, and 14 (33%) said they would prefer to have twins if possible. In this primary care setting, clomiphene was prescribed for appropriate indications, but the monitoring of treatment could be improved. The preference of some patients for twin gestations represents a challenge for optimum clinical care and public health.
InfertilityAutoimmune and Systemic DiseasesCeliac Disease and ReproductionSecondary Amenorrhea
Celiac disease is an intestinal inflammatory disease that is triggered by gluten in the diet. Patients present with a wide array of symptoms due to malabsorption that include diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating and weight loss. In women, this disease may have implications on menstrual and reproductive health. The symptom complex includes delayed menarche, early menopause, secondary amenorrhea, infertility, recurrent miscarriages and intrauterine growth restriction. These women benefit from early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, celiac disease should be considered and screening tests performed on women presenting with menstrual and reproductive problems and treated accordingly. The objective of this article is to review the current literature on celiac disease and its association with the above-mentioned disorders.
To determine if an electronic hormonal fertility monitor aided method (EHFM) of family planning is more effective than a cervical mucus only method (CMM) in helping couples to avoid pregnancy. Six hundred twenty-eight women were taught how to avoid pregnancy with either the EHFM (n=313) or the CMM (n = 315). Both methods involved standardized group teaching and individual follow-up. All pregnancies were reviewed and classified by health professionals. Correct use and total unintended pregnancy rates over 12 months of use were determined by survival analysis. Comparisons of unintended pregnancies between the 2 methods were made by use of the Fisher exact test. There were a total of 28 unintended pregnancies with the EFHM and 41 with the CMM. The 12-month correct use pregnancy rate of the monitor-aided method was 2.0%, and the total pregnancy rate was 12.0%. In comparison, the 12-month correct use pregnancy rate of the CMM was 3.0%, and the total pregnancy rate was 23.0%. There was a significant difference in total pregnancies between the 2 groups (p<0.05). EFHM is more effective than CMM. Further research is needed to verify the results.