Ovarian cysts in NaProTECHNOLOGY are classified as functional (follicular cysts, luteinized unruptured follicle, corpus luteum cysts) or pathological (endometriomas, neoplasms) through serial cycle-timed transvaginal ultrasound correlated with CrMS Peak day observations and post-Peak progesterone and estradiol profiles. Management of functional cysts uses cooperative progesterone replacement and targeted HCG injections to normalize corpus luteum function and reduce cyst recurrence without contraceptive suppression, while pathological or persistent cysts are addressed through fertility-sparing laparoscopic surgery with anti-adhesion technique.
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Hilgers et al. 2004, Hilgers 2004
Cite this article
Hilgers, T. W. (2004). Chapter 31: Ovarian Cysts: Evaluation and Treatment. The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY, 381-386.
Hilgers TW. Chapter 31: Ovarian Cysts: Evaluation and Treatment. The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY. 2004:381-386.
Hilgers, T. W. "Chapter 31: Ovarian Cysts: Evaluation and Treatment." The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY, 2004, pp. 381-386.
Hilgers TW, 2004·The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY
Disruptions along the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis — including luteal phase deficiency, inadequate LH surges, and follicular maturation failure — are among the most common and underdiagnosed contributors to infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. Targeted hormone supplementation guided by cycle-specific progesterone and estradiol assays, timed to CrMS biomarkers, restores functional ovulatory and luteal competence without suppressing the axis.
Hilgers TW, 2004·The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY
NaProTECHNOLOGY (Natural Procreative Technology) is defined as a women's health science that monitors and cooperates with the menstrual and fertility cycles to identify, evaluate, and treat gynecologic and reproductive disorders at their root cause. Unlike suppressive approaches such as hormonal contraception or ART, NaProTECHNOLOGY maintains procreative potential and treats underlying pathology while preserving the human ecology of reproduction.
Hilgers TW, 2004·The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY
Ovarian dysfunction — encompassing luteal insufficiency, abnormal folliculogenesis, and anovulation — is treated in NaProTECHNOLOGY with cycle-timed interventions including HCG trigger, progesterone supplementation, clomiphene, and thyroid optimization, guided by prospective CrMS charting rather than protocol-driven stimulation. This approach normalizes endogenous hormonal patterns rather than overriding them, preserving uterine receptivity and reducing multiple gestation risk.
Hilgers TW, 2004·The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY
Serial transvaginal ultrasound monitoring of follicular dynamics -- growth, rupture, corpus luteum formation, and free fluid -- forms the basis of a systematic classification of human ovulation disorders, including anovulation, luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF), follicular arrest, premature luteinization, and PCOS-type patterns. Anchoring sonographic findings to the CrMS Peak day allows precise correlation between ultrasound events and cervical mucus biomarkers, creating a reproducible diagnostic taxonomy that drives targeted medical and surgical treatment within the NaProTECHNOLOGY framework.