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Endometriosis · Fertility and Outcomes

Effect of peritoneal fluid on in vitro cleavage of 2-cell mouse embryos: possible role in infertility associated with endometriosis

Morcos RN, Gibbons WE, Findley WE

Published November 1985 Fertility and Sterility, 44(5), 678-683
DOI 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48987-9 PMID 4054347

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of peritoneal fluid (PF) on in vitro cleavage of 2-cell mouse embryos. PF was aspirated from the posterior cul-de-sac at laparoscopy and centrifuged, and the cell-free supernatant was heat-inactivated at 56 degrees C for 30 minutes and filtered (0.22 micron). Five percent PF in Ham's F-10 media was prepared and eight to ten 2-cell mouse embryos cultured for 72 hours. There were two study groups, one consisting of 10 PF samples from infertile patients with no endometriosis (PF-NE) and 18 from infertile patients with endometriosis (PF-E). Each sample was assayed along with a control consisting of media only. At 72 hours, greater than 50% of the embryos in the control groups reached the blastocyst and hatching stages. Individual PF samples in both study groups were classified as toxic if less than 50% of the embryos reached the blastocyst and hatching stages at 72 hours. Eight of the 10 samples in the PF-NE group were nontoxic and 14 of the 18 samples in the PF-E group were toxic (P less than 0.01). For evaluation of the overall effect of PF, all results in the PF-E group were pooled (162 embryos) and compared by the Mann-Whitney U test to pooled results in the PF-NE group (100 embryos). The embryonic stages in the PF-NE group were significantly more advanced than those in the PF-E group (P less than 0.001) at 24, 48, and 72 hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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By this author

Freezing and Storage · Embryo Disposition

Cryopreserved embryos in the United States and their availability for research

Hoffman DI et al., 2003 Fertil Steril

To determine the number of embryos stored at assisted reproductive technology (ART) clinics in the United States and their current disposition. A targeted survey instrument sent by the SART-RAND team to all medical practices providing in vitro fertilization services in the United States. The SART-RAND team surveyed all 430 ART practices in the United States. Of these practices, 340 returned surveys for analysis. The data from these surveys were merged with data taken from the 1999 SART dataset, which contains information about practice size and success rates. Responding clinics reported a total of 396,526 embryos in storage as of April 11, 2002. The vast majority of the embryos (88.2%) were targeted for patient use. Small numbers of embryos were available for research, donation, destruction, quality assurance, or other uses. Nearly 400,000 embryos are stored in the United States, the majority of which (88.2%) are targeted for patient use. Few are available for research (2.8%), limiting possible conversion into embryonic stem cell lines.

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Fertility and Outcomes · Conception After Excision

Comparison of cytokine levels and embryo toxicity in peritoneal fluid in infertile women with untreated or treated endometriosis

Taketani Y et al., 1992 Am J Obstet Gynecol

Our aim was to examine the relationship between the levels of cytokines in peritoneal fluid and its embryo toxicity. The levels of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor were measured in peritoneal fluid from infertile women who did not have endometriosis (n = 21), who had untreated endometriosis (n = 19), and who had undergone medical treatment for endometriosis (n = 10). Embryo toxicity was investigated in mouse two-cell embryos cocultured with the oviducts in culture media that contained various concentrations of peritoneal fluid. The levels of cytokines were significantly higher in the peritoneal fluid from women who had untreated endometriosis than in women who did not have endometriosis, but they were extremely low in women who had undergone medical treatment with either danazol or buserelin. The peritoneal fluid from women who had untreated endometriosis adversely affected the cleavage of mouse two-cell embryos. After medical treatment the embryo toxicity of the peritoneal fluid was almost undetectable. These results offer some theoretic bases in support of medical treatment to improve reproductive performance in infertile women who have endometriosis.

Fertility and Outcomes · Conception After Excision

The effect of peritoneal fluid from patients with endometriosis on murine sperm-oocyte interaction

Sueldo CE et al., 1986

It has been demonstrated that PF contains some factor or factors that interfere with effective gamete interaction as determined by an in vitro animal assay. PF from patients with mild endometriosis has an increased activity of this substance and/or additional inhibitory factors. In endometriosis, this peritoneal fluid factor or factors appear to be filterable and to a significant degree heat-labile. This observation may be of importance in explaining subfertility associated with early stages of endometriosis.

Pathophysiology · Origin Theories

Peritoneal fluid: its relevance to the development of endometriosis

Ramey JW et al., 1993 Fertil Steril

To review and evaluate published studies that have examined the role of peritoneal fluid (PF) in the development of endometriosis. Important studies related to this topic have been identified through a computerized bibliographical search (MEDLINE), as well as by manually scanning the published literature of major reproductive journals over the last several years. Studies that examined the effect of PF or its components on the pathophysiology of endometriosis are discussed. These include reported effects on the histogenesis, maintenance and proliferation of endometriosis, as well as related actions on infertility. The majority of investigations into the role PF plays in the pathogenesis of endometriosis have evaluated how it may adversely affect fertility. Suggestive but inconclusive data in the literature indicate that degenerating endometrial tissue may release a biochemical factor(s) into the peritoneal environment that is capable of inducing ectopic endometrium formation. Peritoneal fluid itself contains growth factor that may play a role in the implantation and maintenance of the ectopic endometrium. The PF of women with endometriosis has been shown to contain angiogenic as well as other growth factors. These compounds may contribute to the proliferation of the ectopic endometrium.

Pathophysiology · Origin Theories

Endometrial tissue in peritoneal fluid

Bartosik D et al., 1986 Fertil Steril

Peritoneal fluid (PF) was studied for the presence of endometrial tissue in a consecutive series of 67 women (with documented tubal patency) undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy, tubal lavage, and hysteroscopy. PF was completely aspirated from the cul-de-sac both before and after uterine irrigation. The PF was then analyzed for the presence of endometrial tissue. In native PF no significant difference in the incidence of endometrial tissue between patients with (19%) and without (11%) endometriosis (P = 0.6) was observed. Refluxed PF, obtained after uterine irrigation, showed a significantly higher incidence of endometrial tissue in women with endometriosis (76%) as compared to controls (42%) (P = 0.03). We propose two models to explain the development of endometriosis. These are not mutually exclusive, may be independent of each other, and may represent two distinct pathophysiologic disease processes.

Endometriosis › Fertility and Outcomes › Conception After Excision
William E Gibbons
Bill Gibbons, Will Gibbons, Billy Gibbons, W Gibbons
PMID 4054347 4054347 DOI 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48987-9 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48987-9 Morcos et al. 1985, Morcos 1985

Cite this article

Morcos, R. N., Gibbons, W. E., & Findley, W. E. (1985). Effect of peritoneal fluid on in vitro cleavage of 2-cell mouse embryos: possible role in infertility associated with endometriosis. Fertility and sterility, 44(5), 678-683. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48987-9

Keywords

Animals, Ascitic Fluid, Blastocyst/drug Effects, Endometriosis/complications, Female, Hot Temperature, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Infertility, Female/etiology, Mice, Osmolar Concentration, Pregnancy, Suction, Time Factors

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