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PMOS / PCOS Long Term Health

Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Giri A, Joshi A, Shrestha S, Chaudhary A

Published February 15, 2022 JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association, 60(246), 137-141
DOI 10.31729/jnma.7221 PMID 35210633 PMC PMC9200018

RRM Academy Synopsis

47.1% of women with PCOS at a Nepal hospital had metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome affected about 47 out of 100 women with PCOS in a study of 106 women at one Nepal hospital, 2020 to 2021. PCOS is now also called polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS). Metabolic syndrome is a group of risk factors for heart disease and diabetes.

Key Findings

  • Metabolic syndrome was found in 50 of the 106 women with PCOS (47.1%; 95% confidence interval 37.59-56.60).
  • Of 62 overweight or obese women, 47 (75.8%) had metabolic syndrome. Of 42 normal-weight women, three (7.14%) did.
  • Among 51 women younger than 25, 19 (37.25%) had metabolic syndrome. The authors report that prevalence rose with age.
  • Low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was the most frequent component, in 90 women (84.9%). Central obesity followed in 60 (56.6%) and hypertriglyceridemia in 47 (44.33%).
  • High fasting sugar affected 34 women (32.07%) and high blood pressure affected 14 (13.2%).

Interpretation

This cross-sectional study counted cases among 106 women with PCOS at one Nepal hospital, 2020 to 2021. Doctors used Rotterdam criteria to define PCOS. They excluded women with diabetes, thyroid problems or high prolactin, and women on certain medicines. The authors note they recruited at a single center by convenience sampling, and that their prevalence matches other studies in similar settings. The findings support larger studies on metabolic risk in women with PCOS.

RRM Context

The authors link insulin resistance and high insulin to excess androgens in PCOS and metabolic syndrome alike. Restorative reproductive medicine treats PCOS as a metabolic condition with root causes to find and treat. A clear picture of these risks supports that approach.

Our editorial summary of this paper, not the article's abstract.

Abstract

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovarian syndrome is associated with a long-term risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. This study aims to find the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome presenting to a tertiary care hospital.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was done on women attending the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital from June 2020 to May 2021. A total of 106 women diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome using Rotterdam criteria 2003 were recruited for the study and cases of metabolic syndrome was defined according to the modified American Heart Association/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital (Reference number: 001-077/078). Convenience sampling was done. The collected data was entered and analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. Calculation of point estimate at 95% confidence interval was done along with frequency and proportion for binary data.

Results

Among 106 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, 50 (47.1%) had metabolic syndrome (37.59-56.60 at 95% Confidence Interval). The most common component of metabolic syndrome was low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in 90 (84.9%) followed by central obesity in 60 (56.6%), hypertriglyceridemia in 47 (44.33%), high fasting sugar in 34 (32.07%), and high blood pressure in 14 (13.2%).

Conclusions

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with the polycystic ovarian syndrome was similar to other studies done in similar settings.

Read the guide

  • PMOS / PCOS: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

    PMOS / PCOS has four diagnostic phenotypes and distinct metabolic, reproductive, and mental health implications. How RRM-trained clinicians approach diagnosis and treatment differently.

    20 min read

Topics

Related research

PMOS / PCOS › Long Term Health › Metabolic Risk
Amrita Giri, Anshumala Joshi, Sama Shrestha, Ashlesha Chaudhary
A Giri, A Joshi, S Shrestha, A Chaudhary
PMID 35210633 35210633 DOI 10.31729/jnma.7221 10.31729/jnma.7221 Giri et al. 2022, Giri 2022

Keywords

body mass index; metabolic syndrome; polycystic ovary syndrome.

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