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A protocol was developed and evaluated for nonovulating breastfeeding women to determine potential fertility with an electronic hormonal fertility monitor. The amount of required abstinence (i.e., day...

Background: Exogenous estrogens affect the onset and clinical course of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Oral contraceptives, a frequent source of exogenous estrogens in humans, could have a r...

Advanced practice nurses in primary care settings are often asked to give appropriate advice to couples seeking pregnancy. This article examines the issue of basal body temperature (BBT), a time-honor...

Oral contraceptive (OC) use in young women has been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. This matched case-control study aims to elucidate the combined effects of OC use and genetic fac...

The objective of this research was to determine the relative decrement in health-related quality of life, as measured by the health utilities index mark 3 (HUI3), in osteoporosis compared to other chr...

Background: The aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease remains largely unknown. Aim: We performed a comprehensive assessment of potential risk factors associated with the occurrence of inflammatory ...

Objective: To test for the possible association of past oral contraceptive (OC) use and incident fracture after menopause. Design: A prospective cohort of 93,725 postmenopausal women. Setting: Forty W...

The purpose of this review is to put into a useful clinical context the changing over time of basic ovarian-pituitary-hypothalamic relationships during perimenopause. "Perimenopause" means changes in ...

Objectives: The objective of the present paper is to review the main results of recent European cycle databases on ovulation detection and determination of the fertile window performed by the women th...

Two main types of cervical mucus have been described during the menstrual cycle: oestrogenic and progestative. Each category shows diverse morphological and functional features from the reproductive p...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether or not hysterectomy leads to an earlier onset of the menopause. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study. SETTING: Gynaecology service of large urban hospital. POPULATION:...

This review summarizes the numerous observations published in recent years which have shown that one of the most significant of melatonin's pleiotropic effects is the regulation of the immune system. ...

PURPOSE OF Review: Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome are typically anovulatory and require ovulation induction. Ovarian wedge resection was the first treatment for anovulation but was eventually ...

OBJECTIVE: To develop a new method for estimating the effectiveness of emergency contraception (EC) by using information about previous menstrual cycle length, accounting for the variation in the day ...

Progesterone products are available in prescription form as well as over-the-counter (OTC) topical preparations sold for "cosmetic" uses. In a randomized study design, the authors compared the drug ex...

BACKGROUND: Lepidium meyenii, known as Maca, grows exclusively in the Peruvian Andes over 4000 m altitude. It has been used traditionally to increase fertility. Previous scientific studies have demons...

To determine whether lung transfer factor for carbon monoxide (T(L(CO))) alters during menstrual phase and if steroid hormone levels relate to these changes, T(L(CO)) and T(L(CO)) adjusted for both al...

Our recent study showed a dose-response relationship between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and the risk of early pregnancy loss. Smoking is known to affect female reproductive hormones. We explore...

BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to assess whether there is a relationship between reproductive cycle events and the initiation or changes in symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METH...

Background: Recent oral contraceptive use has been associated with a small increase in breast cancer risk and a substantial decrease in ovarian cancer risk. The effects on risks for women with germ li...

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of an abstinence-centered sex education program in adolescent pregnancy prevention, the TeenSTAR Program was applied in a high school in Santiago, Chile. Methods: A ...

Objective: To analyze IVF outcomes in patients with a history of one or more elevations in basal FSH who have a normal basal FSH at the start of their IVF cycle, compared with the general IVF populati...

Calendar-based methods are not usually considered effective or useful methods of family planning among health professionals. However, new "high-" and "low"-tech calendar methods have been developed, w...

Objective: This report presents national estimates of contraceptive use and method choice based on the 1982, 1995, and 2002 National Surveys of Family Growth (NSFG). It also presents data on where wom...

Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2004. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Volun...

Introduction: For many years, individual women and doctors have experimented with extending the duration of active oral contraceptive (OC) pills between pill-free intervals (long OC) to control menstr...

Natural selection has linked the physiological controls of energy balance and fertility such that reproduction is deferred during lean times, particularly in female mammals. In this way, an energetica...

Endometriosis is an oestrogen-dependent disorder that can result in substantial morbidity, including pelvic pain, multiple operations, and infertility. New findings on the genetics, the possible roles...

The aims of the present study were to determine whether a parental history of any fracture or hip fracture specifically are significant risk factors for future fracture in an international setting, an...

Vitamins D(2) and D(3) are generally considered to be equivalent in humans. Nevertheless, physicians commonly report equivocal responses to seemingly large doses of the only high-dose calciferol (vita...

Utilizing data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), we examined the association between potential risk factors and incident vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. A total of 5,143 ...

Background: "Fertility awareness-based methods" (FAB) of family planning "involve identification of the fertile days of the menstrual cycle, whether by observing fertility signs such as cervical secre...

Objective: To test the efficacy of the TwoDay Method, a new fertility awareness-based method of family planning that provides women with simple instructions to identify the days each cycle when they a...

Background: The rise in FSH (FSHr) that leads to the recruitment of a cohort of follicles during the menstrual cycle occurs during the luteal-follicular transition, however, it is unclear whether it c...

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the prevalence of specific depressive and anxiety disorders in women before a new course of assisted reproductive technology treatment. Few studies have adopted the p...

Background: The SF-36 is widely used to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL), but with few longitudinal studies in healthy populations, it is difficult to quantify its natural history. This i...

OBJECTIVE: Ondansetron (Zofran) is a drug used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy. Despite the fact that it is not indicated, women are being prescribed this drug f...

Previous fracture is a well-documented risk factor for future fracture. The aim of this study was to quantify this risk on an international basis and to explore the relationship of this risk with age,...

Furthermore, direct questioning and a scrutiny of records of these patients showed that before the full development of the signs of toxaemia—that is, oedema, hypertension, and albuminuria—most had ear...

AIMS: To investigate the presence of the antigliadin antibodies in the patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. METHODOLOGY: Four hundred patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (2...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of von Willebrand disease in women presenting with menorrhagia. DESIGN: Systematic review of studies evaluating the prevalence of von Willebrand disease in wome...

The goal of an integrative science of women's health is bringing together childbearing with women's health during the lifespan. Enhancing a woman's ability to conceive and maintain a pregnancy is infl...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of combined l-carnitine and l-acetyl-carnitine therapy in infertile males with oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia. DESIGN: Placebo-controlled double-blind randomized ...

Background: Gynaecological laparotomies are associated with considerable adhesion-related burdens; however, few data are available concerning laparoscopic surgery. This study evaluated the epidemiolog...

Smoking is widely considered a risk factor for future fracture. The aim of this study was to quantify this risk on an international basis and to explore the relationship of this risk with age, sex and...

The relationship between use of corticosteroids and fracture risk was estimated in a meta-analysis of data from seven cohort studies of approximately 42,000 men and women. Current and past use of cort...

Since the introduction of hormonal contraceptives in the 1960s, there have been a variety of both health benefits and safety concerns attributed to their use. In most instances, the noncontraceptive b...

The new third generation aromatase inhibitors are extremely potent and specific oral inhibitors of estrogen production. We reported the success of using aromatase inhibitors for induction of ovulation...

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine whether obesity is associated with obstetric complications and cesarean delivery. METHODS: A large prospective multicenter database was studied. Subj...