Restorative Andrology

Restorative Andrology is an approach to male fertility evaluation and treatment that prioritizes identifying and correcting the underlying causes of male factor infertility rather than bypassing them with sperm-retrieval procedures. Male factor is the sole cause of infertility in approximately 20% of couples and a contributing factor in another 30-40%.1 Identifiable and correctable causes include varicocele (the most common treatable male factor), sperm DNA fragmentation, oxidative stress, hormonal imbalance, and ductal obstruction.234 Surgical correction restores the male partner's contribution to natural conception where anatomy or obstruction is the underlying problem.45 Vasectomy reversal is a restorative option for couples where prior vasectomy is the barrier. Full semen analysis per WHO reference criteria is the starting point for male evaluation.6 Restorative andrology stands in contrast to the standard convention of proceeding directly to ICSI, which bypasses male pathology without treating it and carries procedural risks of its own.7

Cited in this entry

  1. Schlegel PN, Sigman M, Collura B, et al. Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility in Men: AUA/ASRM Guideline Part I. Fertil Steril. 2021;115(1):54-61. Fertility and Sterility. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33295257/
  2. Sperm DNA Fragmentation: causes, evaluation and management in male infertility. PMC. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11152411/
  3. The Impact of Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility. PMC / NIH. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8766739/
  4. Clinical Outcomes of Varicocele Repair in Infertile Men: A Review. PMC. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4999483/
  5. Grande G et al. Comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approach to male factor infertility aimed at natural fertility: A multicentric retrospective cohort study. Andrology. https://rrmacademy.org/library/comprehensive-diagnostic-and-therapeutic-approach-to-male-factor-infertility-8decfdf8/
  6. WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen, sixth edition. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240030787
  7. Alukal JP, Lamb DJ. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI): what are the risks? Urol Clin North Am. 2008. Urologic Clinics of North America. https://rrmacademy.org/library/intracytoplasmic-sperm-injection-icsi--what-are-the-risks-recsyzkxmivrzhdru/

This content is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult an RRM clinician or healthcare provider for guidance specific to your situation.