Hilgers, T. W. (2004). Chapter 12: Decision Making in the CrMS. The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY, 215-219.
Hilgers TW. Chapter 12: Decision Making in the CrMS. The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY. 2004:215-219.
Hilgers, T. W. "Chapter 12: Decision Making in the CrMS." The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY, 2004, pp. 215-219.
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Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.027jqx654
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Abstract
Clinical and instructional decision trees guide practitioners through the interpretation of chart findings and the selection of appropriate responses — ranging from continued observation to medical referral — based on pattern recognition and established CrMS criteria. Systematic decision-making protocols reduce practitioner variability, support evidence-based care, and define the threshold at which observed abnormalities warrant further NaProTECHNOLOGY medical evaluation.
Hilgers TW, 2020·Linacre Q·Free full text on PubMed Central
This study reports on 632 cycles from 105 women who were using the CREIGHTON MODEL FertilityCare™ System to avoid pregnancy and had either a serious reason to avoid pregnancy or some degree of a lack of confidence. A progesterone level was drawn on the third day after the Peak Day as they were charting, and if the progesterone level was 2.3 ng/mL or greater, then ovulation was determined to have passed. If the level was greater than 3.0 ng/mL, this indicated that an absolute period of infertility had begun. In these cases, no pregnancies were observed. In the 27 cycles in which a specific follow-up relative to pregnancy could not be definitively determined, the progesterone levels in all cases were 2.3 ng/mL or greater with 23 of the 27 cycles being 3.1 ng/mL or greater. It is highly unlikely that any of those became pregnant as well. These cycles were collected over thirteen years (2004-2016). Two case presentations are also a part of this article of two families in which the couples had very serious reasons to avoid pregnancy. In these two couples, each of the women was multi-gravid and had no evidence of subfertility or infertility. They used the family planning progesterone level (the Peak Day +3 progesterone level) for a total of 167 cycles over a number of years successfully without a subsequent pregnancy.
This article presents a thirteen-year effort to evaluate the serum progesterone level on the third day after the Peak Day as observed by women charting the CREIGHTON MODEL FertilityCare™ System. It is known that the Peak Day is associated with ovulation, and if the progesterone reaches a certain level, then an absolute period of infertility should follow. In fact, this is what this study reflects.
Chang CP et al., 2020·Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol·Free full text on PubMed Central
Previous research has demonstrated that women instructed in fertility awareness methods can identify the Peak Day of cervical mucus discharge for each menstrual cycle, and the Peak Day has high agreement with other indicators of the day of ovulation. However, previous studies enrolled experienced users of fertility awareness methods or were not fully blinded. To assess the agreement between cervical mucus Peak Day identified by fertile women without prior experience on assessing cervical mucus discharge with the estimated day of ovulation (1 day after urine luteinising hormone surge). This study is a secondary analysis of data from a randomised trial of the Creighton Model FertilityCare(TM) System (CrM), conducted 2003-2006, for women trying to conceive. Women who had no prior experience tracking cervical mucus recorded vulvar observations daily using a standardised assessment of mucus characteristics for up to seven menstrual cycles. Four approaches were used to identify the Peak Day. The referent day was defined as one day after the first identified day of luteinising hormone (LH) surge in the urine, assessed blindly. The percentage of agreement between the Peak Day and the referent day of ovulation was calculated. Fifty-seven women with 187 complete cycles were included. A Peak Day was identified in 117 (63%) cycles by women, 185 (99%) cycles by experts, and 187 (100%) by computer algorithm. The woman-picked Peak Day was the same as the referent day in 25% of 117 cycles, within ±1 day in 58% of cycles, ±2 days in 84%, ±3 days in 87%, and ±4 days in 92%. The ±1 day and ± 4 days' agreement was 50% and 90% for the expert-picked and 47% and 87% for the computer-picked Peak Day, respectively. Women's daily tracking of cervical mucus is a low-cost alternative for identifying the estimated day of ovulation.
Daly KD et al., 2019·Linacre Q·Free full text on PubMed Central
A special course on Marriage, the Family and Human Sexuality was established at Kenrick-Glennon Seminary in St. Louis so as to assist the seminarians in their better understanding of the Church's teaching relative to natural methods of family planning and women's health care. This article compares the response at the beginning of this three-credit semester course to the same seven-item questionnaire given at the conclusion of the course. The preand postcourse scores were calculated for each of the questions. The scores obtained after the course were all significantly higher than they were before the course with p values ranging from 0.01 to <0.0001. Four of the items showed marked improvement including an understanding of the church's teaching related to natural methods, current methods of natural family planning, the impact of a natural method on a couple's marriage, and also the impact of a natural method on family life. Statistically significant improvement was also seen in their understanding of the topic of natural family planning and the Creighton Model System and its relevance toward the seminarian's vocation, the use of the methods to either achieve or avoid pregnancy, and how contraception and abortion are linked. In these last three items, the level of statistical significance was quite high, although not as high as the other four items. There were 104 seminarians over an eight-year period of time, who provided answers to these questions, both before and after the course. This course was modeled after a course that was initiated at the Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, which was for priests, seminarians, and Catholic leaders, titled Love & Life Unlimited. NONTECHNICAL This is an evaluation of a ten-point, seven-question questionnaire that was utilized at the beginning of a course at Kenrick Seminary in Marriage, Sexuality, Creighton Model and NaProTECHNOLOGY. The same questionnaire was given to the students at the beginning of the course and then two to three months later at the conclusion of the three-credit course. The results show that there is a significant improvement in the seminarians' knowledge and general attitude about natural methods of family planning and suggests that such courses would be beneficial to establish in seminaries throughout the country.
Progesterone support in pregnancy has been in use for over 60 years, having received its start in the 1940s. Its initial use was in patients who had habitual spontaneous abortion caused by luteal phase deficiency. More recently, the administration of progesterone later in pregnancy has been considered to be justified because of an observed decrease in circulating progesterone with the onset of labor, an association of premature labor with decreased progesterone concentrations, and the observation that progesterone has a tocolytic effect. A considerable boost to the use of progestational agents to reduce preterm delivery was received with the publication of two papers which showed a significant reduction in preterm delivery rates with the prophylactic administration of either progesterone or 17-a hydroxyprogesterone caproate. Recently it has been shown, however, that its use is not universal. This may be related to the significant late sequelae that were documented following the in utero exposure of the fetus to the potent steroid diethylstilbestrol (DES) and that this bad experience cast “a long shadow,” In spite of this, the use of progesterone, at least in early pregnancy, is widespread in the various artificial reproductive programs and is growing in its use as an agent to reduce prematurity. Over the years, there has been an extraordinary amount of confusion related to the use of progesterone support in pregnancy. The Food & Drug Administration (FDA) created some of this confusion. In various labeling of progesterone products by the FDA, one of the contraindications to the use of oral progesterone is listed as “known or suspected pregnancy.” And, yet, no such contraindication is identified for the use of progesterone gel. In fact, progesterone gel is indicated for progesterone supplementation or replacement as a part of an assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment program for infertile women with a progesterone deficiency. To make this even more confusing, oral progesterone, while it was contraindicated in “known or suspected pregnancy,” its official labeling stated that it “should be used during pregnancy only if indicated (see contraindications).” Also, up until very recently, there was a dire “warning” contained in the labeling for USP progesterone injection in sesame seed oil regarding an increased possibility of birth defects. An analysis of the fetal safety of isomolecular progesterone (Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) administration during the course of 1,310 pregnancies over a 35-year period of time (1979-2014) was undertaken to address this confusion.
Hilgers TW, 2004·The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY
The Creighton Model FertilityCare System (CrMS) is introduced as a standardized, scientifically grounded method for observing and recording cervical mucus biomarkers and bleeding patterns across the menstrual cycle. Its development from earlier natural family planning methods into a fully systematized fertility monitoring tool is traced, establishing the CrMS as the observational substrate for all subsequent NaProTECHNOLOGY medical applications.
Hilgers TW, 2004·The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY
This 2004 textbook chapter by Thomas W. Hilgers outlines the structure and content of the formal introductory session used to enroll couples in the Creighton Model FertilityCare System (CrMS). It covers the biological foundation of fertility charting, the role of cervical mucus as a biomarker of the reproductive cycle, and the educational framework designed to train couples in systematic, real-time cycle observation.
NaProTECHNOLOGY is a new field of medicine specializing in the promotion of human procreation. Its foundation is a teaching system called the Creighton Model Fertility Care System. It is based on the ability to observe and record biological biomarkers, enabling spouses to recognize and understand the naturally occurring cycle of fertility and infertility. The spouses can use their acquired knowledge both for achiving pregnancy and avoiding pregnancy. The system also enables them to broaden their knowledge to better understand sexuality and deepen their mutual love. It also plays an important role in diagnosing and treating reproductive health according to the natural cycle of women. NaProTECHNOLOGY is involved in building a "new culture of life" through integral concern for human fertility by restoring natural procreation and respecting the principles of responsible parenthood.
Hilgers TW, 2004·The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY
The content and sequence of the introductory and follow-up instructional sessions that constitute the formal CrMS education series are outlined, covering observation technique, recording conventions, and the practitioner-client interaction model. Consistent delivery of these core instructions establishes the behavioral competence required for both family planning use and the medical monitoring applications that NaProTECHNOLOGY depends upon.
Restorative Reproductive Medicine › NaProTechnology › Protocols and Framework · Clinical Guidelines and Standards › Diagnostic Criteria and Classification › Diagnostic Criteria · Clinician Education and Training › Clinician Training › Professional Training
Thomas W Hilgers
Tom Hilgers, T Hilgers
Hilgers et al. 2004, Hilgers 2004
Cite this article
Hilgers, T. W. (2004). Chapter 12: Decision Making in the CrMS. The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY, 215-219.
Hilgers TW. Chapter 12: Decision Making in the CrMS. The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY. 2004:215-219.
Hilgers, T. W. "Chapter 12: Decision Making in the CrMS." The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY, 2004, pp. 215-219.
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