Assisted Reproduction · Registries and Reporting

Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2013: results generated from European registers by ESHRE

Calhaz-Jorge C, De Geyter C, Kupka MS, de Mouzon J, Erb K, Mocanu E, Motrenko T, Scaravelli G, Wyns C, Goossens V, European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM), European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)

Published October 2017 Human Reproduction
DOI 10.1093/humrep/dex264 PMID 29117383

RRM Academy Synopsis

European IVF and ICSI pregnancy rates held steady in 2013

European IVF and ICSI pregnancy rates held steady in 2013, a registry report from 1169 clinics in 38 countries finds. On average, about 3 out of 10 IVF egg retrievals led to a clinical pregnancy, and about 2 out of 10 to a recorded delivery. Pregnancy per egg retrieval was the only outcome with complete data.

Key Findings

  • Per egg retrieval, IVF reached a clinical pregnancy in 29.6% of cycles (29.4% in 2012). Mean recorded deliveries were 22.2% for IVF and 20.1% for ICSI, sperm injected into the egg.
  • Clinical pregnancy per IVF egg retrieval fell from 36.6% in women under 35 to 16.9% in women aged 40 or more. For ICSI the fall was from 35.1% to 14.3%.
  • Single-embryo transfers made up 31.4% of IVF and ICSI cycles (30.2% in 2012). In fresh non-donor cycles, transfers of three or more embryos fell to 12.5%, the lowest yet (13.7% in 2012).
  • Multiple deliveries after IVF and ICSI totaled 18.0% (17.9% in 2012): 17.5% twins and 0.5% triplets.
  • In the 18 countries reporting it, birth at 20 to 27 weeks occurred in 1.3% of singleton deliveries. The share was 2.9% for twins and 8.3% for triplets.

Interpretation

The report is a retrospective registry summary. Data came from national registers or voluntary submissions, covering 85.4% of known clinics. ESHRE Pages content is not externally peer reviewed. The authors advise cautious reading because reporting methods differ by country. Only pregnancy per egg retrieval was complete across countries. Of IVF and ICSI pregnancies, 8.3% were lost to follow-up, so recorded deliveries may undercount. The unit of count is the cycle, and the main text gives no per-couple totals.

RRM Context

The report's discussion lists unexplained infertility among the reasons ICSI is used. It adds that overall ICSI results have been no better than IVF in these reports. Restorative reproductive medicine treats unexplained infertility as undiagnosed. IVF and ICSI go ahead without finding out why conception has not happened. A registry of their outcomes answers a different question from a cause-based evaluation of the couple.

Abstract

Study Question

Are there any changes in the treatments involving ART and IUI initiated in Europe during 2013 compared with previous years?

Summary Answer

An increase in the overall number of ART cycles resulting from a higher number of countries reporting data was evident, the pregnancy rates (PRs) in 2013 remained stable compared with those reported in 2012, the number of transfers with multiple embryos (3+) was lower than ever before yet the multiple delivery rates (DRs) remained unchanged, and IUI activity and success rates were similar to those of last years.

What Is Known Already

Since 1997, ART data in Europe have been collected and reported in 16 manuscripts, published in Human Reproduction.

Study Design, Size, Duration

Retrospective data collection of European ART data by the European IVF-monitoring Consortium for ESHRE. Data for cycles between 1 January and 31 December 2013 were collected from National Registers, when existing, or on a voluntary basis by personal information.

Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods

From 38 countries (+4 compared with 2012), 1169 clinics reported 686 271 treatment cycles including 144 299 of IVF, 330 367 of ICSI, 154 712 of frozen embryo replacement (FER), 40 244 of egg donation (ED), 247 of IVM, 9791 of PGD/PGS and 6611 of frozen oocyte replacements. European data on intrauterine insemination using husband/partner's semen (IUI-H) and donor semen (IUI-D) were reported from 1095 IUI labs in 22 countries. A total of 175 467 IUI-H and 43 785 IUI-D cycles were included.

Main Results and the Role of Chance

In 17 countries where all clinics reported to their ART register, a total of 374 177 ART cycles were performed in a population of around 310 million inhabitants, corresponding to 1175 cycles per million inhabitants (range, 235-2703 cycles per million inhabitants). For all IVF cycles, the clinical PRs per aspiration and per transfer were stable with 29.6% (29.4% in 2012) and 34.5% (33.8% in 2012), respectively. For ICSI, the corresponding rates also were stable with 27.8% (27.8% in 2012) and 32.9% (32.3% in 2012). In FER-cycles, the PR per thawing/warming increased to 27.0% (23.1% in 2012). In ED cycles, the PR per fresh transfer increased to 49.8% (48.4% in 2012), to 38.5% (35.9% in 2012) per thawed transfer, and to 46.4% for transfers after FOR (45.1% in 2012). The DRs after IUI remained stable at 8.6% (8.5% in 2012) after IUI-H and was slightly lower after IUI-D (11.1% versus 12.0% in 2012). In IVF and ICSI cycles, 1, 2, 3 and 4+ embryos were transferred in 31.4, 56.3, 11.5, and 1.0% of the cycles, respectively (corresponding numbers were 30.2, 55.4, 13.3 and 1.1% in 2012). The proportions of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI (added together) were 82., 17.5 and 0.5%, respectively, resulting in a total multiple DR of 18.0% compared to 17.9% in 2012. In FER-cycles, the multiple DR was 12.8% (12.5% twins and 0.3% triplets), nearly the same as in 2012 (12.5, 12.2 and 0.3% respectively). Twin and triplet DRs associated with IUI cycles were 9.5%/0.6% and 7.5%/0.3%, following treatment with husband/donor semen, respectively.

Limitations, Reasons for Caution

The method of reporting varies among countries, and registers from a number of countries have been unable to provide some of the relevant data such as initiated cycles and deliveries. As long as data are incomplete and generated through different methods of collection, the results should be interpreted with caution.

Wider Implications of the Findings

The 17th ESHRE report on ART shows a continuing expansion of the number of treatment cycles in Europe, with more than 685 000 cycles reported in 2013 and an increasing contribution to birth rate in many countries. However, the need to improve and standardize the national registries, and to establish validation methodologies, remains manifest.

Study Funding/Competing Interests

The study has no external funding; all costs are covered by ESHRE. There are no competing interests.

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Assisted Reproduction › Registries and Reporting › National Registry Data
Carlos Calhaz-Jorge, Christian De Geyter, Jacques de Mouzon, Edgar Mocanu, Christine Wyns, Veerle Goossens
C Calhaz-Jorge, C Geyter, J Mouzon, E Mocanu, Chris Wyns, C Wyns, V Goossens
PMID 29117383 29117383 DOI 10.1093/humrep/dex264 10.1093/humrep/dex264 Calhaz-Jorge et al. 2017, Calhaz-Jorge 2017