Joseph B Stanford

Diagnostic Criteria and Classification · Terminology and Definitions

Definition of Infertility and Indications for Fertility Evaluation: Consensus Document

Minjeur M et al., 2026

Associated Conditions · Comorbid Conditions

Endometriosis phenotypes and staging in relation to lipid biomarkers: Findings from the ENDO Cohort Study

Schliep KC et al., 2026

Safety and Risks · Neonatal and Birth Outcomes

Neonatal characteristics of children conceived with in vitro fertilization or intrauterine insemination compared with sibling births from unassisted conceptions

Reeder MR et al., 2026

Ovulation Induction · Clomiphene Citrate

Optimization of conception with intercourse for women with infertility

Boedeker D et al., 2026

Potential increase of the U.S. total fertility rate resulting from restorative treatment of unresolved subfertility: a simulation study

Stanford JB et al., 2026

Reproductive Ethics · Conscience Protections

Response to “The illusion of reproductive choice: how restorative reproductive medicine violates reproductive autonomy and informed consent”

Stanford JB et al., 2026

Restorative Reproductive Medicine Restricting Access to Care

Minjeur M et al., 2026 · Op-ed

Safety and Risks · Long Term Child Outcomes

Subfecundity, Infertility Treatment, and Child Neurodevelopment

Kahn LG et al., 2026

"Estimating Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Health-Related Quality of Life among Persons Aged 8 years and Older, August 2020-July 2022"

Johnson S et al., 2025 · Preprint

Associated Conditions · Comorbid Conditions

Abstract P1175: Endometriosis diagnosis, staging, and typology in relation to dyslipidemia

Schliep KC et al., 2025

Environmental Exposures · Air and Water Quality

Assessing the impact of real-world environmental factors on low-cost PM2.5 monitor performance by comparing calibration before and after deployment

Fang R et al., 2025

Children’s executive functioning and health behaviors across pediatric life stages and ecological contexts

Kelly NR et al., 2025

Demographic Correlates of Autism: How Do Associations Compare Between Diagnosis and a Quantitative Trait Measure?

Lyall K et al., 2025

Nutrition and Metabolic Health · Body Weight and Composition

Early-Life Factors and Body Mass Index Trajectories Among Children in the ECHO Cohort

Liu C et al., 2025

Cesarean Birth · Cesarean Indications and Rates

Maternal vaginal and fecal microbiota in later pregnancy contribute to child fecal microbiota development in the ECHO cohort

Liu T et al., 2025

Environmental Exposures · Air and Water Quality

Optimizing Air Quality Monitoring: Comparative Analysis of Linear Regression and Machine Learning in Low-Cost Sensor Calibration

Fang R et al., 2025

Effectiveness · Typical and Perfect Use

Pregnancies, intentions, and fertility behaviors during use of the Creighton Model FertilityCare System after initial intention to avoid pregnancy: Results from the Creighton Model effectiveness, intentions, behaviors assessment study

Stanford JB et al., 2025

Environmental Exposures · Air and Water Quality

Prenatal ambient air pollution associations with DNA methylation in asthma- and allergy-relevant genes: findings from ECHO

Palmore M et al., 2025

Thyroid and Metabolic Function · Insulin and Metabolism

The association between preconception polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes mellitus among women with and without pre-pregnancy hypertension: a cross-sectional study from Utah's Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Survey (2016-2021)

Myrer RS et al., 2025

Measurement and Statistics · Instrument Development and Validation

Validation of administrative health data for the identification of endometriosis diagnosis

Kiser AC et al., 2025

Conceptual Frameworks · Scope of Restorative Care

Welcome to the Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine

Stanford JB, 2025

Study Design · Cohort Studies

Editorial: Opportunities and challenges of human preconception research

Kahn LG et al., 2024

Effectiveness · Typical and Perfect Use

Evaluating Pregnancy Rates in Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Family Planning: Simulated Comparison of Correct Use to Avoid, Method-Related, and Total Pregnancy Rates

Stanford JB et al., 2024

Cycle Physiology · Cycle Variability

Evidence that the woman's ovarian cycle is driven by an internal circamonthly timing system

Ecochard R et al., 2024

Fertility and Outcomes · Ovarian Reserve

Is endometriosis typology a potentially better classification system for assessing risk of female infertility?

Schliep KC et al., 2024

Ovarian Hormones · Estrogen

Restoration of serum estradiol and reduced incidence of miscarriage in patients with low serum estradiol during pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study using a multifactorial protocol including DHEA

Boyle P et al., 2024

Effectiveness · Fertile Window Estimation

The association between the use of fertility indicators and fecundability in a Danish preconception cohort

Pedersen ES et al., 2024

Cycle Physiology · Cycle Variability

The menstrual cycle is influenced by weekly and lunar rhythms

Ecochard R et al., 2024

Effectiveness · Comparative Effectiveness

A randomized trial of web-based fertility-tracking software and fecundability

Wise LA et al., 2023

Contraceptives as abortifacients

Beiter KA et al., 2023

Menstrual cycle: influence of circalunar and circaseptan rhythms

Ecochard R et al., 2023 · Conference presentation

Associated Conditions · Comorbid Conditions

Examining the co-occurrence of endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome

Schliep KC et al., 2023

Physicians Need Education About Fertility Awareness-Based Methods

Stanford JB et al., 2023

Prescribing Safety · Medication Safety in Pregnancy

Prenatal Antidepressant Exposures and Autism Spectrum Disorder or Traits: A Retrospective, Multi-Cohort Study

Brennan PA et al., 2023

Cycle Physiology · Luteal Phase

Characteristics of menstrual cycles with or without intercourse in women with no known subfertility

Najmabadi S et al., 2022

Luteal Phase · Luteal Phase Deficiency

Does a short luteal phase correlate with an increased risk of miscarriage? A cohort study

Duane M et al., 2022

Effectiveness · Typical and Perfect Use

Effectiveness of fertility awareness-based methods for pregnancy prevention during the postpartum period

Redmond JJ et al., 2022

Fertility and Outcomes · Conception After Excision

Endometriosis diagnosis, staging and typology and adverse pregnancy outcome history

Schliep KC et al., 2022

Methods · Sympto-Thermal Method

Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Women's Health and Family Planning

Duane M et al., 2022

Safety and Risks · Neonatal and Birth Outcomes

Fertility treatments and the risk of preterm birth among women with subfertility: a linked-data retrospective cohort study

Sanders JN et al., 2022

Study Design · Cohort Studies

International Natural Procreative Technology Evaluation and Surveillance of Treatment for Subfertility (iNEST): enrollment and methods

Stanford JB et al., 2022

Mental Health · Postpartum Depression

Polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression among Hispanics and non-Hispanics: a population-based study

Fugal AD et al., 2022

Infertility Distress · Anxiety and Depression in Infertility

Prospectively assessed perceived stress associated with early pregnancy losses among women with history of pregnancy loss

Schliep KC et al., 2022

Sexual Function · Arousal and Orgasm

Sexual dysfunction among gynecologic cancer survivors in a population-based cohort study

Chang CP et al., 2022

Outcomes and Effectiveness · Outcomes by Diagnosis

Successful pregnancy with restorative reproductive medicine after 16 years of infertility, three recurrent miscarriages, and eight unsuccessful embryo transfers with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a case report

Boyle PC et al., 2022

Biomarkers · Cervical Mucus

Cervical mucus patterns and the fertile window in women without known subfertility: a pooled analysis of three cohorts

Najmabadi S et al., 2021

Breast Health · Breast Cancer Risk

Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Hispanic Breast Cancer Survivors in a Population-Based Cohort

Hu Q et al., 2021

Mental Health · Postpartum Depression

Polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression symptoms: a population-based cohort study

Koric A et al., 2021

NaProTechnology · Cumulative Pregnancy Rates

Restorative reproductive medicine for infertility in two family medicine clinics in New England, an observational study

Stanford JB et al., 2021

Cycle Disorders · Ovulatory Disturbances

Sporadic anovulation is not an important determinant of becoming pregnant and time to pregnancy among eumenorrheic women: A simulation study

DeVilbiss EA et al., 2021

Pregnancy Complications · Intrauterine Infection

The risk of clinical complications and death among pregnant women with COVID-19 in the Cerner COVID-19 cohort: a retrospective analysis

Qeadan F et al., 2021

Adiposity and Endometriosis Severity and Typology

Byun J et al., 2020

Effectiveness · Comparative Effectiveness

Comparison of woman-picked, expert-picked, and computer-picked Peak Day of cervical mucus with blinded urine luteinising hormone surge for concurrent identification of ovulation

Stanford JB et al., 2020

Effectiveness · Fertile Window Estimation

Fecundability in relation to use of mobile computing apps to track the menstrual cycle

Stanford JB et al., 2020

Gynecologic Oncology · Ovarian Cancer

Genitourinary disease risks among ovarian cancer survivors in a population-based cohort study

Chang CP et al., 2020

Effectiveness · Comparative Effectiveness

Increased Likelihood of Pregnancy Using an App-Connected Ovulation Test System: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Johnson S et al., 2020

Framing and Discourse Analysis · Institutional Default Analysis

Is ART utilization the best indicator of access to fertility care?

Stanford JB et al., 2020

Cycle Physiology · Cycle Variability

Menstrual bleeding, cycle length, and follicular and luteal phase lengths in women without known subfertility: A pooled analysis of three cohorts

Najmabadi S et al., 2020

Peri-implantation intercourse does not lower fecundability

Hansen JL et al., 2020

Nutrition and Metabolic Health · Body Weight and Composition

The association between preconception body mass index and subfertility among Hispanic and non-Hispanic women: A cross-sectional study from Utah's Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey (2012-2015)

Hu Q et al., 2020

Infant Feeding · Breastfeeding Support

The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI): An Early Cross-Sectional Analysis of PRAMS Phase 8 Data on Hospital Practices and Breastfeeding Outcomes in Utah and Wyoming

Bliss JC et al., 2020

Environmental Exposures · Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals

Association between peri-conceptional bisphenol A exposure in women and men and time to pregnancy-The HOPE study

Yeum D et al., 2019

Big data meets the menstrual cycle

Stanford JB, 2019

Stress and Allostatic Load · Stress and Ovulation

Daily perceived stress and time to pregnancy: A prospective cohort study of women trying to conceive

Park J et al., 2019

Effectiveness · Fertile Window Estimation

Fecundability in relation to use of fertility awareness indicators in a North American preconception cohort study

Stanford JB et al., 2019

Substances · Tobacco and Nicotine

Modifiable life style factors and risk for incident endometriosis

Hemmert R et al., 2019

The Current State of Science in Natural Family Planning

Stanford JB, 2019

Study Design · Cohort Studies

The Preconception Period analysis of Risks and Exposures Influencing health and Development (PrePARED) consortium

Harville EW et al., 2019

Effectiveness · Typical and Perfect Use

Effectiveness of Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Pregnancy Prevention: A Systematic Review

Peragallo Urrutia R et al., 2018

Nutrition and Metabolic Health · Dietary Patterns

Shorter Time to Pregnancy With Increasing Preconception Carotene Concentrations Among Women With 1-2 Previous Pregnancy Losses

Kim K et al., 2018

Measurement and Statistics · Statistical Methods

Endometriosis diagnosis and staging by operating surgeon and expert review using multiple diagnostic tools: an inter-rater agreement study

Schliep KC et al., 2017

Use and Experience · Shared Decision Making

Enrollment, Childbearing Motivations, and Intentions of Couples in the Creighton Model Effectiveness, Intentions, and Behaviors Assessment (CEIBA) Study

Porucznik CA et al., 2017

Technology · Cycle Tracking Apps

Fertility awareness-based mobile application

Frank-Herrmann P et al., 2017

Outcomes and Effectiveness · Live Birth Rates

Fertility Treatment, Use of in Vitro Fertilization, and Time to Live Birth Based on Initial Provider Type

Boltz MW et al., 2017

Anti-Infective and Anti-Inflammatory Agents · Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Preconception Low-Dose Aspirin Restores Diminished Pregnancy and Live Birth Rates in Women With Low-Grade Inflammation: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial

Sjaarda LA et al., 2017

Thyroid and Metabolic Function · Insulin and Metabolism

Preconception maternal lipoprotein levels in relation to fecundability

Pugh SJ et al., 2017

What Kind of Policies for Fertility Treatment would Improve Affordability and Outcomes for Individuals and the Public?

Stanford JB, 2017

Hormone Testing · Serum Panels

Antimüllerian hormone and pregnancy loss from the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction trial

Zarek SM et al., 2016

Male Endocrine and Genetic Factors · Genetic Causes of Male Infertility

Decreased fecundity and sperm DNA methylation patterns

Jenkins TG et al., 2016

Safety and Risks · Neonatal and Birth Outcomes

Fertility treatments and adverse perinatal outcomes in a population-based sampling of births in Florida, Maryland, and Utah: a cross-sectional study

Simonsen SE et al., 2016

Cycle Across the Lifespan · Adolescent Cycles

Menstrual cycle characteristics and fecundability in a North American preconception cohort

Wesselink AK et al., 2016

Study Design · Cohort Studies

Methods for a Retrospective Population-based and Clinic-based Subfertility Cohort Study: the Fertility Experiences Study

Stanford JB et al., 2016

Population, Reproductive, and Sexual Health: Data Are Essential Where Disciplines Meet and Ideologies Conflict

Stanford JB, 2016

Early Pregnancy · Progesterone Support

Progesterone in Women with Recurrent Miscarriages

Carpentier PA et al., 2016

Pelvic Pain · Chronic Pelvic Pain

Sexual and physical abuse and gynecologic disorders

Schliep KC et al., 2016

Study Design · Cohort Studies

The Home Observation of Periconceptional Exposures (HOPE) study, a prospective cohort: aims, design, recruitment and compliance

Porucznik CA et al., 2016

Study Design · Randomized Controlled Trials

Using pilot data to size a two-arm randomized trial to find a nearly optimal personalized treatment strategy

Laber EB et al., 2016

Nutrition and Metabolic Health · Dietary Patterns

Vitamin D and Ovarian Reserve and Fecundability among Women with Proven Fecundity

Mumford SL et al., 2016

Measurement and Statistics · Instrument Development and Validation

Development and initial validation of a fertility experiences questionnaire

Thomas FS et al., 2015

Luteal Phase · Luteal Phase Deficiency

Dietary factors and luteal phase deficiency in healthy eumenorrheic women

Andrews MA et al., 2015

Ovarian Hormones · Estrogen

Is Anti-Müllerian Hormone Associated With Fecundability? Findings From the EAGeR Trial

Zarek SM et al., 2015

Pelvic Pain · Chronic Pelvic Pain

Pain typology and incident endometriosis

Mumford SL et al., 2015

Anti-Infective and Anti-Inflammatory Agents · Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Preconception low dose aspirin and time to pregnancy: findings from the effects of aspirin in gestation and reproduction randomized trial

Schisterman EF et al., 2015

Biomarkers · Cervical Mucus

Revisiting the fertile window

Stanford JB, 2015

Effectiveness · Comparative Effectiveness

Impact of instruction in the Creighton model fertilitycare system on time to pregnancy in couples of proven fecundity: results of a randomised trial

Smith KR et al., 2014

Luteal Phase · Luteal Phase Deficiency

Luteal phase deficiency in regularly menstruating women: prevalence and overlap in identification based on clinical and biochemical diagnostic criteria

Schliep KC et al., 2014

Methods · Billings Ovulation Method

Pilot test and validation of the peak day method of prospective determination of ovulation against a handheld urine hormone monitor

Porucznik CA et al., 2014

Use of fertility treatments in relation to the duration of pregnancy attempt among women who were trying to become pregnant and experienced a live birth

Sanders J et al., 2014

Anti-Infective and Anti-Inflammatory Agents · Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

A randomised trial to evaluate the effects of low-dose aspirin in gestation and reproduction: design and baseline characteristics

Schisterman EF et al., 2013

Environmental Exposures · Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals

Bisphenol A and phthalates and endometriosis: the Endometriosis: Natural History, Diagnosis and Outcomes Study

Buck Louis GM et al., 2013

Effectiveness · Fertile Window Estimation

Cervical mucus monitoring prevalence and associated fecundability in women trying to conceive

Evans-Hoeker E et al., 2013

Environmental Exposures · Radiation and Electromagnetic Exposure

Childhood thyroid radioiodine exposure and subsequent infertility in the intermountain fallout cohort

Stone MB et al., 2013

Marital fertility and income: moderating effects of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints religion in Utah

Smith KR et al., 2013

Diagnosis · Imaging

Risk factors associated with endometriosis: importance of study population for characterizing disease in the ENDO Study

Peterson CM et al., 2013

Environmental Exposures · Heavy Metals

Trace elements and endometriosis: the ENDO study

Pollack AZ et al., 2013

Ovulation Agents · Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators

Use of clomiphene citrate in the University of Utah Community Clinics

Stanford JB et al., 2013

What is the true prevalence of infertility?

Stanford JB, 2013

Registries and Reporting · National Registry Data

Infertility treatment in a population-based sample: 2004-2005

Simonsen SE et al., 2012

Measurement and Statistics · Research Tooling and Reproducibility

Interrater and intrarater reliability in the diagnosis and staging of endometriosis

Schliep KC et al., 2012

Luteal phase deficiency in normal cycling women

Hammoud A et al., 2012

Preconception Care · Preconception Optimization

Natural procreative technology for infertility and recurrent miscarriage: outcomes in a Canadian family practice

Tham E et al., 2012

Environmental Exposures · Persistent Organic Pollutants

Perfluorochemicals and endometriosis: the ENDO study

Louis GMB et al., 2012

Environmental Exposures · Persistent Organic Pollutants

Persistent lipophilic environmental chemicals and endometriosis: the ENDO Study

Buck Louis GM et al., 2012

Cycle Biomarkers · Cervical Mucus

Characteristics of the menstrual cycle after discontinuation of oral contraceptives

Nassaralla CL et al., 2011

Diagnosis · Imaging

Incidence of endometriosis by study population and diagnostic method: the ENDO study

Buck Louis GM et al., 2011

NaProTechnology · Protocols and Framework

NaProTechnology (Natural Procreative Technology) - A Multifactorial Approach to the Chronic Problem of Infertility

Boyle PC et al., 2011

Environmental Exposures · Persistent Organic Pollutants

Persistent organic pollutants and endometriosis: Importance of biologic media for defining exposure - the endo study

Louis GMB et al., 2011

Outcomes and Effectiveness · Cumulative Versus Per Cycle Reporting

Cumulative pregnancy probabilities among couples with subfertility: effects of varying treatments

Lynch CD et al., 2010

Methods · Billings Ovulation Method

Dynamic model for multivariate markers of fecundability

Cai B et al., 2010

Access and Coverage · Workforce and Availability

In vitro fertilization availability and utilization in the United States: a study of demographic, social, and economic factors

Hammoud AO et al., 2009

Emergency contraception: overestimated effectiveness and questionable expectations

Stanford JB, 2008

Cycle Physiology · Cycle Variability

Multilevel model to assess sources of variation in follicular growth close to the time of ovulation in women with normal fertility: a multicenter observational study

Mikolajczyk RT et al., 2008

Evaluation · Diagnostic Workup

Outcomes from treatment of infertility with natural procreative technology in an Irish general practice

Stanford JB et al., 2008

Study Design · Cohort Studies

Effects of sexual intercourse patterns in time to pregnancy studies

Dunson DB et al., 2007

Ovulation Physiology · Anovulation

Levonorgestrel emergency contraception: a joint analysis of effectiveness and mechanism of action

Mikolajczyk RT et al., 2007

Measurement and Statistics · Statistical Methods

Measuring fecundity with standardised estimates of expected pregnancies

Mikolajczyk RT et al., 2006

Hormones and Aging Tissues · Skin and Connective Tissue

The biology of human sex differences

Stanford JB, 2006

Measurement and Statistics · Statistical Methods

A new method for estimating the effectiveness of emergency contraception that accounts for variation in timing of ovulation and previous cycle length

Mikolajczyk RT et al., 2005

Environmental Exposures · Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals

Effect of environmental tobacco smoke on levels of urinary hormone markers

Chen C et al., 2005

Effectiveness · Typical and Perfect Use

Chapter 16: Measuring Effectiveness and Pregnancy Rates of the CrMS

Stanford JB, 2004 · Book chapter

Effectiveness · Typical and Perfect Use

Chapter 17: Achieving-Related Pregnancy Rate and Its Natural Adaptability

Hilgers TW et al., 2004 · Book chapter

Biomarkers · Cervical Mucus

Chapter 48: Fecundity and Mucus Cycle Score

Stanford JB, 2004 · Book chapter

Study Design · Cohort Studies

Methodologic and statistical approaches to studying human fertility and environmental exposure

Tingen C et al., 2004

Cycle Physiology · Ovulation

More than one fertile ovulation per cycle?

Frank-Herrmann P et al., 2004

Biomarkers · Cervical Mucus

Mucus observations in the fertile window: a better predictor of conception than timing of intercourse

Bigelow JL et al., 2004

Study Design · Cohort Studies

Prospective pregnancy study designs for assessing reproductive and developmental toxicants

Buck GM et al., 2004

Measurement and Statistics · Statistical Methods

S28.3: Validity of methods used to estimate the effectiveness of Emergency Contraception

Mikolajczyk RT et al., 2004

Family Planning Use and Attitudes · Attitudes and Acceptability

Factors influencing the choice to use modern natural family planning

Rauchfuss M et al., 2003

False risk attribution results in misleading assessment of the relationship between suppression of ovulation and the effectiveness of the Yuzpe regimen for emergency contraception

Mikolajczyk RT et al., 2003

Uncertainty in estimating the day of ovulation causes overestimation of the role of ovulation disturbance on the effectiveness of the Yuzpe method of emergency contraception

Mikolajczyk R et al., 2003

Biomarkers · Cervical Mucus

Vulvar mucus observations and the probability of pregnancy

Stanford JB et al., 2003

Long Acting Methods · Intrauterine Devices

Mechanisms of action of intrauterine devices: update and estimation of postfertilization effects

Stanford JB et al., 2002

Ovarian Hormones · Progesterone

Postfertilization effect of hormonal emergency contraception

Kahlenborn C et al., 2002

Methods · Billings Ovulation Method

Timing intercourse to achieve pregnancy: current evidence

Stanford JB et al., 2002

Effectiveness · Comparative Effectiveness

Comparison of several one-step home urinary luteinizing hormone detection test kits to OvuQuick

Nielsen MS et al., 2001

Return of Fertility · Breastfeeding and Ovulation

Nurse-midwives' knowledge and promotion of lactational amenorrhea and other natural family-planning methods for child spacing

Fehring RJ et al., 2001

Use and Experience · Method Teaching

Characteristics of women associated with continuing instruction in the Creighton Model Fertility Care System

Smith KR et al., 2000

Informed Consent · Disclosure of Risks

Postfertilization effects of oral contraceptives and their relationship to informed consent

Larimore WL et al., 2000

Family Planning Use and Attitudes · Relationships and Family Outcomes

Are all contraceptive failures unintended pregnancies? Evidence from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth

Trussell J et al., 1999

Family Planning Use and Attitudes · Attitudes and Acceptability

Physicians' knowledge and practices regarding natural family planning

Stanford JB et al., 1999

Effectiveness · Typical and Perfect Use

Pregnancy probabilities during use of the Creighton Model Fertility Care System

Howard MP et al., 1999

Effectiveness · Typical and Perfect Use

Creighton Model NaProEducation Technology for avoiding pregnancy. Use effectiveness

Hilgers TW et al., 1998

Family Planning Use and Attitudes · Attitudes and Acceptability

Women's interest in natural family planning

Lemaire JC et al., 1998

Measuring contraceptive effectiveness: a conceptual framework

Stanford JB, 1997

Condoms, IUDs, counseling and natural family planning

Bretzman MC et al., 1994

Family Planning Use and Attitudes · Attitudes and Acceptability

Interest in natural family planning among female family practice patients

Stanford JB et al., 1994

Contraception--natural family planning

Stanford JB, 1991